|
|
|
| A method for modeling 3D heterogeneous random center points of discontinuities with consideration of weathering |
| LI Duo1, HUANG Lei1*, XU Kunzhen2, DU Jing2, YE Wu3, ZHANG Weili4, QIU Zewen1 |
(1. Badong National Observation and Research Station of Geohazards, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China; 2. ChangJiang Institute of Survey, Planning, Design and Research Co., Ltd., Wuhan, Hubei 430010, China;
3. Zhejiang Haichuan Geology and Mining Technology Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310015, China; 4. College of Engineering, China Universityof Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China) |
|
|
|
|
Abstract Traditional methods for modeling discontinuity networks often struggle to accurately represent the discreteness and heterogeneity induced by weathering in rock masses. To address this issue, this paper proposes an enhanced stochastic discontinuity generation approach. The method integrates discontinuity data obtained from borehole tests and multi-view photogrammetry, quantitatively characterizes the degree of weathering using velocity ratios and a secondary calcite alteration index, and establishes a functional relationship between the degree of weathering and depth. Subsequently, a heterogeneous discontinuity distribution model is developed to improve the generation process of discontinuity center points, allowing for variations in discontinuity distribution characteristics across different weathering degrees and enabling the simulation of heterogeneous discontinuity center points. Comparative results with conventional simulation methods demonstrate that the proposed approach can accurately reproduce the RQD values of rock masses, with the simulated discontinuity volume density and connectivity characteristics showing a reasonable alignment with the discontinuity distribution characteristics of natural rock masses. The proposed method is capable of simulating discontinuity distribution characteristics under varying weathering conditions and can be further applied to numerical simulations and stability evaluations, offering new theoretical support for the engineering stability analysis of complex weathered rock masses.
|
|
|
|
|
|
| [1] 王 琦，胡亚净，宋伟利，等. 岩溶山区危岩稳定性分析及危害性预测——以贵州松桃县长冲危岩体为例[J]. 中国地质灾害与防治学报，2023，34(1)：75–84.(WANG Qi，HU Yajing，SONG Weili，et al. Stability analysis and hazard prediction of dangerous rock masses in karst mountainous area: A case study of Changchong dangerous rock mass in Songtao County，Guizhou Province[J]. The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control，2023，34(1)：75–84.(in Chinese))
[2] 张宜杰，任光明，常文娟，等. 节理岩质边坡稳定性概率分析[J]. 成都理工大学学报：自然科学版，2021，48(2)：235–241.(ZHANG Yijie，REN Guangming，CHANG Wenjuan，et al. Probabilistic analysis of stability of jointed rock slope[J]. Journal of Chengdu University of Technology：Science and Technology，48(2)：235–241.(in Chinese))
[3] 贾洪彪，唐辉明，刘佑荣，等. 岩体结构面三维网络模拟理论与工程应用[M]. 北京：科学出版社，2008：1–38.(JIA Hongbiao，TANG Huiming，LIU Yourong，et al. Theory and engineering applications of 3D network modeling of discontinuities in rockmass[M]. Beijing：Science Press，2008：1–38.(in Chinese))
[4] 宋晓晨，徐卫亚. 裂隙岩体渗流模拟的三维离散裂隙网络数值模型(Ⅰ)：裂隙网络的随机生成[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2004，23(12)：2 015–2 020.(SONG Xiaochen，XU Weiya. Numerical model of three-dimensional discrete fracture network for seepage in fractured rocks (Ⅰ): Generation of fracture network[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2004，23(12)：2 015–2 020.(in Chinese))
[5] EINSTEIN H H，STEPHANSSON O. Fracture systems，fracture propagation and coalescence[C]// Proceedings of the ISRM International Symposium. [S. l.]：[s. n.]，2000：ISRM–IS–2000–033.
[6] KULATILAKE P，WATHUGALA D N，STEPHANSSON O. Joint network model ling with a validation exercise in Stripa mine，Sweden[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences and Geomechanics Abstracts，1993，30(5)：503–526.
[7] 亓中华，胡建华，张纪伟. 岩体三维随机裂隙网络模型的数字化重构与应用[J]. 矿冶，2025，34(1)：169–176.(QI Zhonghua，HU Jianhua，ZHANG Jiwei. Joint modeling and engineering application of digital model for three-dimensional random fractures network of rock mass[J]. Mining and Metallurgy，2025，34(1)：169–176.(in Chinese))
[8] NIE Z B，CHEN J P，ZHANG W，et al. A new method for three-dimensional fracture network modelling for trace data collected in a large sampling window[J]. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering，2020，53(3)：1 145–1 161.
[9] 汪小刚，贾志欣，张发明，等. 岩体结构面网络模拟原理及其工程应用[M]. 北京：中国水利水电出版社，2010：74–99.(WANG Xiaogang，JIA Zhixin，ZHANG Faming，et al. The simulation of rock joint network and its application[M]. Beijing：China Water Power Press，2010：74–99.(in Chinese))
[10] ZHANG W，HAN B，SUN H L，et al. Non-contact collection and 3D fracture network modeling for high-steep rock slopes[J]. Journal of Engineering Geology，2020，28(2)：221–231.
[11] 姚荣文，张云辉，赵晓彦，等. 岩体裂隙三维可视化新方法及其应用[J]. 地球科学，2022，47(9)：3 463–3 476.(YAO Rongwen，ZHANG Yunhui，ZHAO Xiaoyan，et al. A new 3D visualization method for rock mass fractures and its application[J]. Earth Science，2022，47(9)：3 463–3 476.(in Chinese))
[12] 刘丽平，鲁海峰，祝 慧，等. 岩体裂隙网络生成技术及应用综述[J]. 矿山工程，2020，8(2)：192–199.(LIU Liping，LU Haifeng，ZHU Hui，et al. Summary of crack network generation technology and its application in rock mass[J]. Mine Engineering，2020，8(2)：192–199.(in Chinese))
[13] WANG X G，JIA Z X，CHEN Z Y，et al. Determination of discontinuity persistent ratio by Monte-Carlo simulation and dynamic programming[J]. Engineering Geology，2016，203：83–98.
[14] 季 慧，王鲁瑀，吴则祥，等. 裂隙岩体三维随机裂隙建模与渗流数值仿真研究[J]. 计算力学学报，2024，41(4)：718–725.(JI Hui，WANG Luyu，WU Zexiang，et al. Investigation on 3D modelling and seepage simulation of stochastic fractures for jointed rock masses[J]. Chinese Journal of Computational Mechanics，2024，41(4)：718–725.(in Chinese))
[15] 王恩志，孙 役，黄远智，等. 三维离散裂隙网络渗流模型与实验模拟[J]. 水利学报，2002，(5)：37–40.(WANG Enzhi，SUN Yi，HUANG Yuanzhi，et al. 3D seepage flow model for discrete fracture network and verification experiment[J]. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering，2002，(5)：37–40.(in Chinese))
[16] EHLEN J. Fracture characteristics in weathered granites[J]. Geomorphology，1999，31(1/4)：29–45.
[17] EHLEN J. Some effects of weathering on joints in granitic rocks[J]. Catena，2002，49(1/2)：91–109.
[18] HACK H R G K. Weathering，erosion，and susceptibility to weathering[M]. Cham：Springer International Publishing，2019：291–333.
[19] DA CONCEICAO F T，DOS SANTOS C M，DE SOUZA SARDINHA D，et al. Chemical weathering rate，denudation rate，and atmospheric and soil CO2 consumption of Paraná flood basalts in São Paulo State，Brazil[J]. Geomorphology，2015，233：41–51.
[20] BRAUN J，MERCIER J，GUILLOCHEAU F，et al. A simple model for regolith formation by chemical weathering[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface，2016，121(11)：2 140–2 171.
[21] ANDERSON S P，DIETRICH W E，BRIMHALL J G H. Weathering profiles，mass-balance analysis，and rates of solute loss：Linkages between weathering and erosion in a small，steep catchment[J]. Geological Society of America Bulletin，2002，114(9)：1 143–1 158.
[22] REIS F D A A，BRANTLEY S L. Models of transport and reaction describing weathering of fractured rock with mobile and immobile water[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research：Earth Surface，2017，122(3)：735–757.
[23] HUISMAN M. Assessment of rock mass decay in artificial slopes[Ph. D. Thesis][D]. Delft：Delft University of Technology，2006.
[24] NESBITT H W，YOUNG G M. Early Proterozoic climates and plate motions inferred from major element chemistry of lutites[J]. Nature，1982，299(5885)：715–717.
[25] 郑 俊，邓建辉，魏进兵. 不连续面产状Fisher分布拟合度检验方法的改进[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2015，34(8)：1 561–1 568. (ZHENG Jun，DENG Jianhui，WEI Jinbing. An improved method of goodness-of-fit test for Fisher distribution to discontinuity orientations[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2015，34(8)：1 561–1 568.(in Chinese))
[26] ZHENG J，DENG J H，ZHANG G Q，et al. Validation of Monte Carlo simulation for discontinuity locations in space[J]. Computers and Geotechnics，2015，67：103–109.
[27] 郑 俊，KULATILAKE P H S W，邓建辉，等. 基于二维经验分布的不连续面产状Monte Carlo模拟[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2015，34(增2)：3 922–3 929.(ZHENG Jun，KULATILAKE P H S W，DENG Jianhui，et al. A Monte Carlo simulation for discontinuity orientations using bivariate empirical distribution[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2015，34(Supp.2)：3 922–3 929.(in Chinese))
[28] JOSNIN J Y，JOURDE H，FENART P，et al. A three-dimensional model to simulate joint networks in layered rocks[J]. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences，2002，39(10)：1 443–1 455.
[29] BONNEAU F，CAUMON G，RENARD P. Impact of a stochastic sequential initiation of fractures on the spatial correlations and connectivity of discrete fracture networks[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth，2016，121(8)：5 641–5 658.
[30] TATING F，HACK R，JETTEN V. Weathering effects on discontinuity properties in sandstone in a tropical environment: case study at Kota Kinabalu，Sabah Malaysia[J]. Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment，2015，74(2)：427–441.
[31] 薛秋池，赵其华，何云松. 岩体结构面网络模拟的改进与应用[J]. 岩土工程学报，2016，38(7)：1 351–1 356.(XUE Qiuchi，ZHAO Qihua，HE Yunsong. Improvement and application of network simulation of rock mass discontinuities[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering，2016，38(7)：1 351–1 356.(in Chinese))
[32] 朱纪元，陈全胜，谈嘉山，等. 基于DifFUZZY法的裂隙岩体三维结构面参数模拟研究[J]. 工程地质学报，2023，31(5)：1 689–1 695. (ZHU Jiyuan，CHEN Quansheng，TAN Jiashan，et al. Cluster analysis for joint data of three-dimensional rockmass using DifFUZZY method[J]. Journal of Engineering Geology，2023，31(5)：1 689–1 695. (in Chinese))
[33] PALLESKE C K，HUTCHINSON D J，ELMO D，et al. Impacts of limited data collection windows on accurate rock simulation using discrete fracture networks[C]// Proceedings of the 47th U.S. Rock Mechanics/Geomechanics Symposium. San Francisco，California：[s. n.]，2013：ARMA–2013–501.
[34] BAUER M，TOTH T M. Characterization and DFN modelling of the fracture network in a Mesozoic karst reservoir：Gomba oilfield，Paleogene Basin，Central Hungary[J]. Journal of Petroleum Geology，2017，40(3)：319–334.
[35] HAN X D，CHEN J P，WANG Q，et al. A 3D fracture network model for the undisturbed rock mass at the Songta dam site based on small samples[J]. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering，2016，49(2)：611–619.
[36] 马淑芝，贾洪彪，张致能，等. 基于结构面网络模拟技术的边坡楔形体分析方法研究[J]. 岩土工程学报，2018，40(增2)：167–172.(MA Shuzhi，JIA Hongbiao，ZHANG Zhineng，et al. Stability analysis of wedges of rock slopes based on 3D network simulation of structural surface[J]. Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering，2018，40(Supp.2)：167–172.(in Chinese))
[37] WATSON G S，IRVING E. Statistical methods in rock magnetism[J]. Geophysical Journal International，1957，7(6)：289–300.
[38] LEAO M F，BARROSO E V，POLIVANOV H，et al. Weathering of metapelites from the Quadrilátero Ferrífero mineral province，southeastern Brazil[J]. Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment，2019，78(1)：19–33.
[39] 中华人民共和国国家标准编写组. GB 50021—2009岩土工程勘察规范 [S]. 北京：中国建筑工业出版社，2009.(The National Standards Compilation Group of People?s Republic of China. GB50021—2009 Code for investigation of geotechnical engineering[S]. Beijing：China Architecture Building Press，2009.(in Chinese))
[40] 中华人民共和国国家标准编写组. GB50218—2014工程岩体分级标准[S]. 北京：中国计划出版社，2014.(The National Standards Compilation Group of People?s Republic of China. GB50218—2014 Standard for engineering classification of rock mass[S]. Beijing：China Planning Press，2014.(in Chinese))
[41] 邵长云，钟庆华，葛双成，等. 利用岩体波速定量划分岩石风化度的试验研究[J]. 工程勘察，2012，40(3)：87–90.(SHAO Changyun，ZHONG Qinghua，GE Shuangcheng，et al. The research on quantitative dividing rock?s efforescent degree using wave velocity test[J]. Geotechnical Investigation and Surveying，2012，40(3)：87–90.(in Chinese))
[42] CABRIA X S A A. Effects of weatherin in the rock and rock mass properties and the influence of salts in the coastal roadcuts in Saint Vincent and Dominica[Ph. D. Thesis][D]. Enschede，Netherlands：University of Twente，2015.
[43] CHEN Q，LUO J，LIAO F，et al. Mineralogical and geochemical evolution during limestone weathering and pedogenesis in Shimen，Hunan Province，South China[J]. Minerals，2025，15(11)：1 109.
[44] VON BLANCKENBURG F. The control mechanisms of erosion and weathering at basin scale from cosmogenic nuclides in river sediment[J]. Earth and Planetary Science Letters，2005，237(3/4)：462–479.
[45] WU F Q，WANG S J. Statistical model for structure of jointed rock mass[J]. Geotechnique，2002，52(2)：137–140.
[46] SUN S X，TIAN H G，ZHANG Z J，et al. Study on discrete fracture network model and rock mass quality evaluation of tunnel surrounding rock[J]. Buildings，2024，14(9)：2 983.
[47] WU F Q，WU J，BAO H，et al. Advances in statistical mechanics of rock masses and its engineering applications[J]. Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering，2021，13(1)：22–45.
[48] 陈剑平. 三维网络结构岩体力学架构与展望[J]. 工程地质学报，2022，30(1)：21–36.(CHEN Jianping. Framework and expectation of three dimensional network structural rock mechanics[J]. Journal of Engineering Geology，2022，30(1)：21–36.(in Chinese))
[49] GUO S F，QI R E，ZHANG P. Deterministic discrete fracture network model and its application in rock mass engineering[J]. Applied Sciences，2025，15(11)：6 264.
[50] LEI Q H，LATHAM J P，TSANG C F. The use of discrete fracture networks for modelling coupled geomechanical and hydrological behaviour of fractured rocks[J]. Computers and Geotechnics，2017，85：151–176.
[51] JING L，STEPHANSSON O. 10–Discrete fracture network (DFN) method[C]// Developments in Geotechnical Engineering. Netherlands：Elsevier，2007：365–398. |
|
|
|
2026, Vol. 45 
