不等幅循环荷载下石灰岩局部微裂隙三维扩展及劣变非线性机制

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2020.0958

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摘要深部岩体的变形破坏过程受开挖卸载或其他扰动荷载的影响。为探索岩体空间微裂隙扩展规律和渐进破坏过程中的非线性机制，开展预静载低频不等幅加卸载循环条件下石灰岩三维定位声发射实验。结果表明：(1) 弹性能与总能量的比值、耗散能与总能量的比值都具有相应的阶段性特征，耗散能的变化与预制裂隙的分布、微裂隙扩展空间位置及扩展速度有关；耗散能和撞击数的变化满足石灰岩灾变临界的幂率变化规律。(2) 完整石灰岩试样和含不同倾角的预制裂隙石灰岩试样的峰值强度随预制裂隙数目的增多而下降并受预制裂隙位置的影响；不同试样应力–应变曲线峰后出现不同程度的转折，且出现I和II类曲线。(3) 石灰岩试样内三维裂隙多重性和局部扩展规律受预制裂隙的影响。完整试样和不同预制裂隙试样破坏过程受不同力学机制的主导并从宏观上表现出不同的破坏模式。(4) 在深入研究岩石劣化过程的基础上，将数学领域的微积分、物理领域的热力学原理与岩石力学与工程领域的具体问题结合，揭示了能量演化过程的非线性机制。研究结果拓展了热力学研究的深度，利于工程岩体劣化过程瞬时状态热力学机制和破损非线性机制的理解。

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	唐胡丹1
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	朱明礼3
	朱珍德4

关键词 ：岩石力学, 空间微裂隙, 不等幅加卸载循环, 能量耗散, 三维定位声发射, 非线性机制

Abstract：The deformation and failure process of deep rock masses is affected by excavation unloading or other disturbing loads. In order to explore the propagation law of spatial micro-cracks in rock masses and the non-linear mechanism of the progressive failure process，a three-dimensional positioning acoustic emission experiment of limestone under pre-static low-frequency unequal amplitude loading and unloading cycles was carried out. The results show that the ratios of the elastic energy and the dissipated energy to the total energy all have corresponding stage characteristics. The change of the dissipated energy is related to the distribution of the prefabricated cracks as well as the location and the expansion speed of the micro-cracks. The changes in the dissipated energy and the number of impacts satisfy the critical power law of limestone catastrophe. The peak strengths of the intact limestone specimen and the prefabricated limestone specimen with different inclination angles decrease with increasing the number of the prefabricated cracks and are affected by the position of the prefabricated cracks. The stress-strain curves of different specimens present different degrees of transition after the peak and appear type I curve and type II curve. It is also shown that the multiplicity and local propagation of three-dimensional cracks in limestone samples are affected by the prefabricated cracks，and that the failure processes of the intact samples and the samples with different prefabricated fractures are dominated by different mechanical mechanisms and show different failure modes macroscopically. On the basis of in-depth study on the rock degradation process，the calculus in the field of mathematics，the principle of thermodynamics in the field of physics and the specific problems in the field of rock mechanics and engineering are combined to reveal the nonlinear mechanism of the energy evolution process. The research results expand the depth of thermodynamic research and facilitate the understanding of the transient state thermodynamic mechanism and the non-linear breakage mechanism of the engineering rock mass degradation process.

Key words： rock mechanics')" href="#">

rock mechanics spatial micro-cracks unequal amplitude loading and unloading cycles energy dissipation three-dimensional positioning acoustic emission ')" href="#">nonlinear mechanism

引用本文:

唐胡丹1，2，朱明礼3，朱珍德4. 不等幅循环荷载下石灰岩局部微裂隙三维扩展及劣变非线性机制[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2021, 40(6): 1170-1185.
TANG Hudan1，2，ZHU Mingli3，ZHU Zhende4. Three-dimensional propagation of local micro-cracks and non-linear deterioration mechanism of limestone under variable amplitude cyclic loading. , 2021, 40(6): 1170-1185.

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http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2020.0958 或 http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2021/V40/I6/1170

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