核电工程中的CO2致裂与炸药爆破地表振动传播规律试验研究

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2020.1183

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摘要 CO2致裂技术能够显著减小岩体开挖工程中的振动有害效应。为比较CO2致裂和炸药爆破2种方式引起的岩土体振动特征的差异，在核电厂厂房的基坑开挖现场分别开展岩体致裂和爆破试验，并进行振动速度测试分析。首先根据致裂设备技术参数计算CO2激发相变的气爆能量，换算成具有相同能量的岩石乳化炸药量，据此对2种方式的振动速度传播和衰减规律进行比较。通过定义二者振动速度峰值的比值对CO2致裂技术的减振作用进行量化分析，为岩体开挖方案的优化和CO2致裂技术的参数设计提供指导。结论如下：(1) 同等爆破能量的条件下，CO2致裂振动速度远小于炸药爆破，并且衰减速度也更快。炸药爆破的振动速度至少为CO2致裂方式的5倍以上，并且随距离增大而增大，随破岩规模减小而增大，说明CO2致裂方式在中远区域的减振效果更显著，更适用于局部和小规模的岩体开挖。(2) 破裂单位体积岩石的炸药消耗量约为CO2致裂方式炸药当量的5倍，这也是二者之间振动速度巨大差异的原因。

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	夏祥1
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	于崇1

关键词 ：岩石力学, CO2致裂, 爆破, 振动, 减振, 炸药当量

Abstract：Cardox tube system(CO2 gas cracking technology) is conductive to reducing the side effect of vibrations in rock excavation. To quantify this reducing effect，field tests of gas cracking and explosive blasting were conducted at the foundation pit of a nuclear power plant. At the same time, the ground vibrations induced by the two methods were monitored respectively. On the basis of energy equivalence，the phase transition energy of liquid CO2 was calculated and converted to emulsion explosive mass with the same amount of energy. By introducing a PPV(peak particle velocity) ratio of the two methods，the attenuation characteristics of ground vibrations were compared and the considerable discrepancy between the PPVs was revealed，so as to provide guidance for the optimization of rock excavations and technical configurations of Cardox tube system. It is observed that, under the same equivalent charge amount，the vibrations induced by CO2 gas fracturing are much less than those by explosives，and attenuate more rapidly. Generally，the latter are at least 5 times more than the former，and the difference keeps growing with increasing the distance and decreasing the equivalent charge amount，which means that Cardox tube system is more efficient in vibration reduction in middle to far areas from the rock excavation point，and especially efficient in local and small-scale rock excavating. It is also indicated that the explosive consumption per unit volume of rock is about 5 times the equivalent value of Cardox tube system，as is the reason for the remarkable discrepancy in PPVs by the two methods.

Key words： rock mechanics CO2 gas fracturing blasting vibration vibration reduction equivalent charge amount

引用本文:

夏祥1，李海波1，王晓炜2，周青春1，于崇1. 核电工程中的CO2致裂与炸药爆破地表振动传播规律试验研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2021, 40(7): 1350-1356.
XIA Xiang1，LI Haibo1，WANG Xiaowei2，ZHOU Qingchun1，YU Chong1. Comparison analysis of ground vibrations induced by CO2 gas fracturing and explosive blasting. , 2021, 40(7): 1350-1356.

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http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2020.1183 或 http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2021/V40/I7/1350

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