深部巷道煤与瓦斯突出及冲击演化特征试验研究

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2021.0974

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摘要为进一步揭示煤与瓦斯突出两相流冲击破坏机制，利用自主研制的真三轴煤与瓦斯突出巷道模拟试验系统，以阜新孙家湾突出煤层为研究对象，制作型煤试件，开展不同埋深(1 000，1 200，1 400，1 600，1 800，2 000 m) 下深部巷道煤与瓦斯突出模拟试验，定义试验突出临界瓦斯压力状态下的相对突出强度为单位突出强度，分析临界瓦斯压力、单位突出强度与埋深之间的关系，得到临界瓦斯压力、有效应力与冲击参数(冲击力峰值、到达峰值时间、突出持续时间)之间的变化规律，基于突出冲击波阵面速度公式，反演冲击气流在模拟巷道内的传播速度。研究结果表明：(1) 突出启动时，高压瓦斯裹挟煤粉剧烈喷出，不同埋深下突出煤粉均在距突出口0～6.45 m区间聚集，随埋深增大，煤粉集中区质量占比增大，随突出距离增加，煤粉质量占比逐渐减小，表明突出能量随突出距离逐渐衰减，且突出后煤粉沉降具有分选特征；(2) 随埋深增大，临界瓦斯压力减小，单位突出强度逐渐增大，且埋深越大，变化幅度越大，表明深部煤与瓦斯突出阈值低，易诱发和强度大的特性；(3) 冲击力在巷道内演化经历了“上升→峰值→降低”过程，呈现“波峰效应”，冲击气流传播速度在361.61～379.13 m/s，表现出明显的湍流特性，埋深越大，湍流特性越不明显；(4) 临界瓦斯压力和有效应力对冲击参数有显著影响，冲击力峰值与临界瓦斯压力呈指数增长，与有效应力呈线性递减关系；到达峰值时间随临界瓦斯压力增大减小，随有效应力增大而增大；突出持续时间随临界瓦斯压力增大而增大，随有效应力增大而减小。

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	郝娜1
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关键词 ：采矿工程, 煤与瓦斯突出, 巷道, 冲击力, 临界瓦斯压力, 有效应力

Abstract：To further reveal the impact failure mechanism of the two-phase flow of coal and gas outburst，the briquette specimens from the Sunjiawan outburst coal seam in Fuxin were made，and simulation tests of deep coal and gas outburst in roadways under different depths(1 000，1 200，1 400，1 600，1 800 and 2 000 m) were carried out by using the self-developed true triaxial coal and gas outburst roadway simulation test system. The relative outburst intensity under the test outburst critical gas pressure was defined as unit outburst intensity. The relationships between the critical gas pressure and the unit outburst intensity with the depth were analyzed，and the variation rules among the critical gas pressure，the effective stress and impact parameters(peak impact force，time to peak，duration of outburst) were obtained. Based on the outburst shock wave front velocity formula，the velocity of the impact flow in the test roadway was inverted. The results show that：(1) When an outburst occurs，the pulverized coal is spewed out violently by high-pressure gas，and outburst coal at different depths gathers within the interval of 0–6.45 m from the outburst mouth. As the depth increases，the mass proportion of the pulverized coal concentration area increases，while with increasing the outburst distance，the mass proportion of the pulverized coal gradually decreases，indicating that the outburst energy gradually decays with the outburst distance and that the pulverized coal settlement after the outburst has sorting characteristics. (2) As the depth increases，the critical gas pressure decreases while the unit outburst strength gradually increases. The greater the depth，the greater the change amplitude，reflecting the low threshold，easy outburst and high strength characteristics of deep coal and gas outburst. (3) The evolution of the impact force in the roadway experiences a process of“rise，peak and decrease”，presenting a“crest effect”. The velocity of the impact flow is 361.61–379.13 m/s，showing obvious turbulence characteristics. The greater the depth，the less obvious the turbulence characteristics. (4) The critical gas pressure and the effective stress have significant influence on impact parameters. The peak of the impact force increases exponentially with the critical gas pressure while linearly decreases with the effective stress. The time to the peak decreases with increasing the critical gas pressure but increases with increasing the effective stress. The duration of outburst increases with increasing the critical gas pressure while decreases with increasing the effective stress.

Key words： mining engineering coal and gas outburst roadway impact force critical gas pressure effective stress

引用本文:

唐巨鹏1，2，张昕1，2，潘一山3，郝娜1，2. 深部巷道煤与瓦斯突出及冲击演化特征试验研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2022, 41(6): 1081-1092.
TANG Jupeng1，2，ZHANG Xin1，2，PAN Yishan3，HAO Na1，2. Experimental study on outburst and impact evolution characteristics of coal and gas in deep roadways. , 2022, 41(6): 1081-1092.

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http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2021.0974 或 http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2022/V41/I6/1081

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