破碎岩石锚固结构承载力学特性模型试验研究

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2023.0234

摘要
图/表
参考文献
相关文章 (15)

全文: PDF (2754 KB) HTML (1 KB)
输出: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

摘要为揭示破碎岩石锚固结构承载失稳机制，探索支护构件与破碎岩石相互作用下锚固结构内部应力演化规律，通过自主研制的试验系统开展不同预紧力下破碎岩石锚固结构的自稳及再承载模型试验，研究破碎岩石锚固结构承载力学特性与变形破坏特征，分析破碎岩石锚固结构自稳及再承载全过程预紧力对结构内部压力和锚杆锚托力时空响应的影响规律，探讨破碎岩石锚固结构自稳及再承载失稳机制，并从强化破碎岩石锚固结构内部力链网络角度出发，提出以恒高预紧力、强均压护表、高刚度及合理支护密度为核心的巷道冒顶防控理念。结果表明：破碎岩石锚固结构自稳的临界锚杆预紧力约为3 N•m，其自稳过程内部压力在上层中部出现突增，并向四周扩散维持稳定，而在下层中部出现突降，这与结构内部力链网络重分布密切相关。随着锚杆预紧力的增大，锚固结构内部压力突增更显著、锚托力突降数值有所减小，表明高预紧力的破碎岩石锚固结构容易形成强力链网络，低预紧力的破碎岩石锚固结构力链网络较弱且离散显著，难以自稳及承载。破碎岩石锚固结构承载过程中出现频繁的大幅应力跌落，预紧力越大的模型应力跌落数值越大，且最大承载位移往往大于其峰值位移，对应的荷载也低于峰值荷载。破碎岩石锚固结构承载过程中内部压力显现基本与自稳过程一致，并与其变形破坏模式相对应，下层中心位置形成的穹窿顶空腔破坏了力链网络，致使岩块沿模型中心向四周扩散迅速冒落。锚杆锚托力则随着承载变形的增大而持续降低，临近结构中轴线的锚杆锚托力降低数值要远大于远离结构中轴线的锚杆。高锚托力是保证破碎岩石锚固结构力链网络的必要条件，预紧力越高，锚杆锚托力突降数值越大，但在突降后仍能承受较长时间的荷载。

	服务

	把本文推荐给朋友
	加入我的书架
	加入引用管理器
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	作者相关文章
	孟波1
	2
	3
	靖洪文1
	吴疆宇1
	李晓昭1
	3
	董津源2
	尹乾1

关键词 ：岩石力学, 破碎岩石锚固结构, 锚杆支护, 变形破坏, 承载力学特性, 力链网络

Abstract：To reveal the instability mechanism of deep anchored broken surrounding rock and to explore the internal stress evolution law of the anchored structure under the interaction of support components and gravels，the self-stabilization and reloading model tests of anchored gravels under different pretightening forces were carried out through a self-developed test system. The bearing mechanical properties and deformation failure characteristics of anchored gravels were studied. The influences of the pretightening force on the spatiotemporal responses of internal pressure and bolt anchoring force within structure during the self-stabilization and reloading processes of anchored gravels were analyzed. The mechanisms of self-stabilization and reloading instability of anchored gravels were explored. Based on strengthening the internal force chain network of anchored gravels，a concept of roadway roof fall control was proposed with constant height preload，strong pressure equalizing support，high stiffness and reasonable support density as the core. The results show that the critical pretightening force for self-stabilization of anchored gravels is about 3 N•m. A sudden increase in internal pressure is occurred in the upper-middle part during self-stabilizing process and it spreads outwards to maintain stability. In the lower-middle part，there is a sudden decrease，which is closely related to the redistribution of internal force chain network within the structure. The higher the pretightening force，the more prominent the sudden increase in internal pressure and the less the decrease of the anchoring force. This indicates that high pretightening force is more likely to form a strong force chain network，while low pretightening force result in weak and scattered force chains to damage self-stabilization and loading. During the loading process of anchored gravels，there are frequent and significant stress drops. The larger the pretightening force，the greater the model stress drop，and the maximum loading displacement is generally greater than its peak displacement，and the corresponding load is also lower than the peak load. During the loading process of anchored gravels，the internal pressure behavior is basically consistent with the self-stabilization process，and corresponds to its deformation and failure mode. The dome cavity formed at the center of the lower layer destroys the force chain network，causing the rock mass to spread and fall rapidly along the center of the model to the surrounding areas. The bolt anchoring force decreases continuously with the increase of the loading deformation，and the value of the anchoring force reduction near the central axis of the structure is much greater than that far away from that. High anchoring force is a necessary condition to ensure the force chain network of anchored gravels. The higher the pretightening force，the greater the sudden drop in anchoring force，but after the sudden drop，the structure can still withstand a long time of load.

Key words： rock mechanics anchored gravels bolt support deformation failure bearing mechanical properties force chain network

引用本文:

孟波1，2，3，靖洪文1，吴疆宇1，李晓昭1，3，董津源2，尹乾1. 破碎岩石锚固结构承载力学特性模型试验研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2023, 42(12): 3020-3030.
MENG Bo1，2，3，JING Hongwen1，WU Jiangyu1，LI Xiaozhao1，3，DONG Jinyuan2，YIN Qian1. Model test study on bearing mechanical properties of anchored gravels. , 2023, 42(12): 3020-3030.

链接本文:

http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2023.0234 或 http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2023/V42/I12/3020

[4]	何满潮. 深部软岩工程的研究进展与挑战[J]. 煤炭学报，2014，39(8)：1 409-1 417.(HE Manchao. Progress and challenges of soft rock engineering in depth[J]. Journal of China Coal Society，2014，39(8)：1 409-1 417.(in Chinese))
[6]	王思敬. 论岩石的地质本质性及其岩石力学演绎[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2009，28(3)：433-450.(WANG Sijing. Geological nature of rock and its deduction for rock mechanics[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2009，28(3)：433-450.(in Chinese))
[24]	GENDELMAN O，POLLACK Y G，PROCACCIA I，et al. What determines the static force chains in stressed granular media?[J]. Physical Review Letters，2016，116(2)：078001.
[1]	康红普，范明建，高富强，等. 超千米深井巷道围岩变形特征与支护技术[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2015，34(11)：2 227-2 241. (KANG Hongpu，FAN Mingjian，GAO Fuqiang，et al. Deformation and support of rock roadway at depth more than 1 000 meters[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2015，34(11)：2 227-2 241.(in Chinese))
[11]	王卫军，董恩远，赵志伟，等. 预裂锚固体力学特性及锚固机制[J]. 煤炭学报，2020，45(1)：82-89.(WANG Weijun，DONG Enyuan，ZHAO Zhiwei，et al. Experimental study on mechanical properties of anchorage body and on anchorage mechanism[J]. Journal of China Coal Society，2020，45(1)：82-89.(in Chinese))
[21]	靖洪文，吴疆宇，尹乾，等. 动载扰动下深部煤巷冲击冒顶的颗粒流数值模拟研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2020，39(增2)：3 475-3 487.(JING Hongwen，WU Jiangyu，YIN Qian，et al. Particle flow simulation of rock burst and roof fall of deep coal roadway under dynamic disturbance[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2020，39(Supp.2)：3 475-3 487.(in Chinese))
[26]	WANG JINAN，LIU YANG，LI FEI，et al. Force chains in top coal caving mining[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences，2020，127(3)：104218.
[9]	贾后省，潘坤，刘少伟，等. 采动巷道复合顶板离层破坏机制与预测方法[J]. 采矿与安全工程学报，2021，38(3)：518-527.(JIA Housheng，PAN Kun，LIU Shaowei，et al. Mechanism and prediction method of rock layer separation failure of composite roof in mining roadway[J]. Journal of Mining and Safety Engineering，2021，38(3)：518-527.(in Chinese))
[19]	王晓卿，康红普，高富强，等. 碎石锚固中压力拱形成与锚杆作用分析[J]. 煤炭学报，2021，46(10)：3 139-3 147.(WANG Xiaoqing，KANG Hongpu，GAO Fuqiang，et al. Analysis of pressure arch formation and rockbolt function in gravel bolting[J]. Journal of China Coal Society，2021，46(10)：3 139-3 147.(in Chinese))
[18]	HOEK E，BROWN E. Underground excavations in rock[M]. London：Institution of Mining and Metallurgy，1980：329-365.
[7]	刘泉声，卢兴利. 煤矿深部巷道破裂围岩非线性大变形及支护对策研究[J]. 岩土力学，2010，31(10)：3 273-3 279.(LIU Quansheng，LU Xingli. Research on nonlinear large deformation and support measures for broken surrounding rocks of deep coal mine roadway[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics，2010，31(10)：3 273-3 279.(in Chinese))
[17]	LANG T A. Theory and practice of rock bolting[J]. Transactions of the American Institute of Mining Engineers，1961，220：333-348.
[27]	谢广祥，范浩，王磊. 浅埋煤层采场围岩力链演化规律及工程应用[J]. 煤炭学报，2019，44(10)：2 945-2 952.(XIE Guangxiang，FAN Hao，WANG Lei．Evolution law and engineering application of surrounding rock force chain in shallow coal seam working face[J]. Journal of China Coal Society，2019，44(10)：2 945-2 952.(in Chinese))
[2]	马念杰，赵希栋，赵志强，等. 深部采动巷道顶板稳定性分析与控制[J]. 煤炭学报，2015，40(10)：2 287-2 295.(MA Nianjie，ZHAO Xidong，ZHAO Zhiqiang，et al. Stability analysis and control technology of mine roadway roof in deep mining[J]. Journal of China Coal Society，2015，40(10)：2 287-2 295.(in Chinese))
[3]	康红普，张镇，黄志增. 我国煤矿顶板灾害的特点及防控技术[J]. 煤矿安全，2020，51(10)：24-33.(KANG Hongpu，ZHANG Zhen，HUANG Zhizeng. Characteristics of roof disasters and controlling techniques of coal mine in China[J]. Safety in Coal Mines，2020，51(10)：24-33.(in Chinese))
[8]	孙广忠. 论“岩体结构控制论”[J]. 工程地质学报，1993，(1)：14-18.(SUN Guangzhong. On the theory of structure-controlled rockmass[J]. Journal of Engineering Geology，1993，(1)：14-18.(in Chinese))
[10]	蒋力帅，马念杰，白浪，等. 巷道复合顶板变形破坏特征与冒顶隐患分级[J]. 煤炭学报，2014，39(7)：1 205-1 211.(JIANG Lishuai，MA Nianjie，BAI Lang，et al. Deformation and failure characteristics and roof caving hidden danger classification of roadways compound roof[J]. Journal of China Coal Society，2014，39(7)：1 205-1 211.(in Chinese))
[12]	江权，冯夏庭，李邵军，等. 高应力下大型硬岩地下洞室群稳定性设计优化的裂化-抑制法及其应用[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2019，38(6)：1 081-1 101.(JIANG Quan，FENG Xiating，LI Shaojun，et al. Cracking-restraint design method for large underground caverns with hard rock under high geostress condition and its practical application[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2019，38(6)：1 081-1 101.(in Chinese))
[13]	LIU S W，FU Me X，JIA H S，et al. Shear characteristics of cuneiform reaming anchorage bolts in coal mine roadways[J]. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering，2019，52(11)：1 931-1 943.
[14]	孟波，靖洪文，杨旭旭，等. 破裂围岩锚固体变形破坏特征试验研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2013，32(12)：2 497-2 505.(MENG Bo，JING Hongwen，YANG Xuxu，et al. Experimental study of deformation and failure characteristics of anchorage unit in fractured surrounding rocks[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2013，32(12)：2 497-2 505.(in Chinese))
[16]	赵光明，刘崇岩，孟祥瑞，等. 高应力巷道锚固复合承载体及其承载效应研究[J]. 采矿与安全工程学报，2021，38(1)：68-75.(ZHAO Guangming，LIU Chongyan，MENG Xiangrui，et al. The composite anchorage bearing structure in high stress roadway and its load-bearing effect[J]. Journal of Mining and Safety Engineering，2021，38(1)：68-75.(in Chinese))
[20]	KANG H P，LI J Z，YUAN G Y，et al. Mechanisms of rock bolt support for highly fractured rock masses-insight from physical and numerical modeling[J]. Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment，2022，81(4)：198.
[22]	孙其诚，程晓辉，季顺迎，等. 岩土类颗粒物质宏-细观力学研究进展[J]. 力学进展，2011，41(3)：351-371.(SUN Qicheng，CHENG Xiaohui，JI Shunying，et al. Advances in the micro-macro mechanics of granular soil materials[J]. Advances in Mechanics，2011，41(3)：351-371.(in Chinese))
[23]	毕忠伟，孙其诚，刘建国，等. 点载荷作用下密集颗粒物质的传力特性分析[J]. 力学与实践，2011，33(1)：10-16.(BI Zhongwei，SUN Qicheng，LIU Jianguo，et al. The quasistatic response o f a granular matter to localized loading[J]. Mechanics in Engineering，2011，33(1)：10-16.(in Chinese))
[5]	华心祝，刘淑，刘增辉，等. 孤岛工作面沿空掘巷矿压特征研究及工程应用[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2011，30(8)：1 646-1 651. (HUA Xinzhu，LIU Shu，LIU Zenghui，et al. Research on strata pressure characteristic of gob-side entry driving in island mining face and its engineering application[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2011，30(8)：1 646-1 651.(in Chinese))
[15]	赵同彬，谭云亮，刘珊珊，等. 加锚岩体流变特性及锚固控制机制分析[J]. 岩土力学，2012，33(6)：1 730-1 734.(ZHAO Tongbin，TAN Yunliang，LIU Shanshan，et al. Analysis of rheological properties and control mechanism of anchored rock[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics，2012，33(6)：1 730-1 734.(in Chinese))
[25]	PETERS J，MUTHUSWAMY M，WIBOWO J，et al. Characterization of force chains in granular material[J]. Physical Review E Statistical Nonlinear and Soft Matter Physics，2005，72(4)：041307.