露天排土场不同排土工艺失稳机制对比试验研究

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2020.1195

摘要
图/表
参考文献
相关文章 (15)

全文: PDF (6131 KB) HTML (1 KB)
输出: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

摘要排土工艺是影响排土场失稳机制的关键因素。以某露天铁矿外排土场为背景，采用底摩擦试验方法研究不同排土工艺条件下排土场的失稳过程，基于测点图像追踪技术获取排土场位移特征，重点分析4种排土工艺下排土场的稳定性和失稳机制。研究结果表明：(1) 相同基底条件下正向堆置的压坡式排土场稳定性最好，其次为正向堆置的覆盖式排土场，再次是反向堆置的覆盖式排土场，反向堆置的压坡式排土场稳定性最差；(2) 排弃渣土块度大小对排土场稳定性具有较大影响，以小块度排弃物为主的台阶易破坏，以大块度排弃物为主的台阶稳定性较好；(3) 不同排土工艺下排土场的失稳机制具有明显差异，正向堆置排土场以中、上部坡体破坏为主，其中覆盖式模型的失稳机制表现为中、上级台阶的滑移→拉裂破坏，压坡式模型表现为中、上级台阶挤压→滑移破坏；反向堆置排土场以中、下部坡体破坏为主，其中覆盖式模型的失稳机制表现为中、下级台阶的滑移→拉裂破坏，压坡式模型失稳机制则表现为中、下级台阶滑移→拉裂→牵引复合式破坏并且破坏面积最大。研究成果可为露天矿排土场稳定性评价和排土工艺的选取提供借鉴和指导。

	服务

	把本文推荐给朋友
	加入我的书架
	加入引用管理器
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	作者相关文章
	孙书伟
	庞博
	刘流

关键词 ：采矿工程, 露天矿, 排土场, 底摩擦试验, 排土工艺, 失稳机制

Abstract：Dumping method is one of the key factors affecting the failure mechanism of waste dumps of open-pit mines. To reveal the failure mechanism of mine waste dumps with different dumping methods，a real waste dump was taken as a background and a series of base friction tests were conducted on four models. The failure process was comparatively analyzed through the graphical point-tracking technology. The results show that：(1) under the same base condition，the forwardly downslope dump has the highest stability level，followed by the forwardly covered dump，the reversely covered dump and the reversely downslope dump. (2) The block size of the waste material has a significant impact on the dump stability，and the stage mainly composed of small-size blocks is easier to collapse than that mainly composed of large-size blocks. (3) Failure mechanisms of waste dumps with different dumping methods are different. Exactly，the failure of the forward dumps mainly occurs at the upper and middle slope，among which the forwardly covered dump shows slip-cracking failure at the upper and middle stages while the forwardly downslope dump presents extrusion-slip failure in the upper and middle stages. In contrast，the failure of reverse dumps locates at the lower and middle slope，among which the reversely covered dump shows slip-cracking failure at the lower and middle stages but the reversely downslope dump shows slip-cracking-traction composite failure at the lower and middle stages with the largest damage area. The research results can provide reference and guidance for the stability evaluation of open-pit mine waste dumps and the selection of dumping methods.

Key words： mining engineering open pit mine waste dump base friction test dumping method failure mechanism

引用本文:

孙书伟，庞博，刘流. 露天排土场不同排土工艺失稳机制对比试验研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2021, 40(8): 1713-1726.
SUN Shuwei，PANG Bo，LIU Liu. Comparative tests on failure mechanisms of waste dumps of open-pit mines with different dumping methods. , 2021, 40(8): 1713-1726.

链接本文:

http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2020.1195 或 http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2021/V40/I8/1713

[12]	李洪文，代永新. 排土工艺对排土场的稳定性影响分析[J]. 现代矿业，2013，29(6)：112-114.(LI Hongwen，DAI Yongxin. Analysis of the influence of dumping technology on the stability of dump[J]. Modern Mining，2013，29(6)：112-114.(in Chinese))
[2]	孙世国，杨宏. 典型排土场边坡稳定性控制技术[M]. 北京：冶金工业出版社，2011：1-10.(SUN Shiguo，YANG Hong. Stability control technology of typical dump slope[M]. Beijing：Metallurgical Industry Press，2011：1-10.(in Chinese))
[9]	RASSAM D W，WILLIAMS D J. 3-Dimensional effects on slope stability of high waste rock dumps[J]. International Journal of Surface Mining，Reclamation and Environment，1999，13(1)：19-24.
[11]	WANG H B，YAN F，LI X C，et al. Evolution mechanism study of flow slide catastrophes in large waste dumps at the Nanfen iron mine[J]. Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment，2020，79：4 733-4 747.
[13]	艾啸韬，王光进，张超，等. 宽级配废石的高排土场稳定性研究[J]. 岩土力学，2020，41(11)：3 777-3 788.(AI Xiaotao，WANG Guangjin，ZHANG Chao，et al. Stability analysis of high dump with wide graded waste rock[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics，2020，41(11)：3 777-3 788.(in Chinese))
[20]	BRAY J W，GOODMAN R E. The theory of base friction models[J]. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences and Geomechanics Abstracts，1981，18(6)：453-468.
[22]	中华人民共和国国家标准编写组. GB 51016—2014 非煤露天矿边坡工程技术规范[S]. 北京：中国计划出版社，2014.(The National Standards Compilation Group of People¢s Republic of China. GB 51016—2014 Technical code for non-coal open-pit mine slope engineering[S]. Beijing：China Planning Press，2014.(in Chinese))
[1]	王家臣，孙书伟. 露天矿边坡工程[M]. 北京：科学出版社，2016：482-492.(WANG Jiachen，SUN Shuwei. Open pit slope engineering[M]. Beijing：Science Press，2016：482-492.(in Chinese))
[3]	王建国，江智明，纪玉石. 平朔安太堡露天矿南排土场滑坡特征与整治[C]// 中国岩石力学与工程学会，编. 岩土工程论文集. 武汉：中国地质大学出版社，1995：120-124.(WANG Jianguo，JIANG Zhiming，JI Yushi. The characteristics and regulation of landslide in the south earth yard of the Antaibao open-pit mine，Pingshuo[C]// Chinese Society for Rock Mechanics and Engineering，ed. Proceedings of Rock and Soil Engineering. Wuhan：China University of Geosciences Press，1995：120-124.(in Chinese))
[5]	STEIAKAKIS E，KAVOURIDIS K，MONOPOLIS D. Large scale failure of the external waste dump at the “South Field”lignite mine，Northern Greece[J]. Engineering Geology，2009，104(3/4)：269-279.
[7]	RICHARDS B G，COUTHARD M A，TOH C T. Analysis of slope stability at Goonyella Mine[J]. Canadian Geotechnical Journal，1981，18(2)：179-194.
[14]	王家臣，陈冲. 软弱基底排土场边坡稳定性三维反演分析[J]. 中国矿业大学学报，2017，46(3)：474-479.(WANG Jiachen，CHEN Chong. Three dimensional back analysis for stability of slope dumped on weak basement[J]. Journal of China University of Mining and Technology，2017，46(3)：474-479.(in Chinese))
[16]	陈冲，吕华永，高海南，等. 软弱基底排土场边坡破坏模式模型试验研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2018，37(9)：2 093-2 109. (CHEN Chong，LV Huayong，GAO Hainan，et al. Research on failure mode of slope dump on soft layer by model test[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2018，37(9)：2 093-2 109.(in Chinese))
[18]	王玉凯，孙书伟，庞博，等. 露天矿软弱基底排土场卸荷变形机制试验研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2020，39(2)：359-373. (WANG Yukai，SUN Shuwei，PANG Bo，et al. Experimental study on unloading deformation mechanisms of soft base dumps of open-pit mines[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2020，39(2)：359-373.(in Chinese))
[4]	郭瑞峰，张德胜，薄建芬. 尖山铁矿大型排土场综合治理实践[J]. 山西冶金，2018，41(5)：148-149.(GUO Ruifeng，ZHANG Desheng，BO Jianfen. Comprehensive treatment practice of large scale dump in Jianshan iron mine[J]. Shanxi Metallurgy，2018，41(5)：148-149.(in Chinese))
[6]	POULSEN B，KHANAL M，RAO A M，et al. Mine overburden dump failure：a case study[J]. Geotechnical and Geological Engineering，2014，32(2)：297-309.
[8]	NGUYEN V U，NEMCIK J A，CHOWDHURY R N. Some practical aspects of spoil pile stability by the two-wedge model[J]. Mining Science and Technology，1984，12(1)：57-68.
[10]	MUKHLISIN M，KHIYON K N. The effects of cracking on slope stability[J]. Journal of the Geological Society of India，2018，91(6)：704-710.
[15]	WANG J C，CHEN C. Stability analysis of slope at a disused waste dump by two-wedge model[J]. International Journal of Mining Reclamation and Environment，2016，31(8)：1-14.
[17]	WANG Y K，SUN S W，LIU L. Mechanism，stability and remediation of a large scale external waste dump in China[J]. Geotechnical and Geological Engineering，2019，37(6)：5 147-5 166.
[19]	王运敏，项宏海. 排土场稳定性及灾害防治[M]. 北京：冶金工业出版社，2011：1-23.(WANG Yunmin，XIANG Honghai. Stability and disaster prevention of waste dump[M]. Beijing：Metallurgical Industry Press，2011：1-23.(in Chinese))
[21]	WANG Y K，SUN S W，PANG B，et al. Base friction test on unloading deformation mechanism of soft foundation waste dump under gravity[J]. Measurement，2020，163：108 054.