Degradation mechanism and dynamic property evolution of pre-damaged rock under wetting-drying cycles#br#
WANG Zhengzhou1, 2, DENG Huafeng1, 2*, ZHOU Mengxia3, LI Jianlin1, 2, XIAO Yao1, 2, ZHU Wenxi1, 2, ZHOU Shuhuan 1, 2
(1. Key Laboratory of Geological Hazards on Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Ministry of Education, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China;
2. College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443002, China;
3. China Three Gorges Construction (Group) Co., Ltd., Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China)
Abstract：Affected by geological processes, the rock mass of the reservoir bank slope typically displays initial damage. During reservoir operation, the rock mass within the water-level fluctuating zone experiences prolonged ‘soaking-air drying’ dry-wet cycles, which may be further affected by tectonic earthquakes or reservoir-induced seismic disturbances. To elucidate the mechanisms of damage and deterioration of the reservoir bank slope rock mass under these complex conditions, typical sandstone from the reservoir bank slope was selected, and damaged rock samples were prepared through cyclic loading and unloading. Systematic dry-wet cycling and dynamic response tests were conducted. The results reveal that: (1) The compressive strength of both intact and damaged rock samples decays in a “fast-slow-stable” manner under dry-wet cycle conditions. Initially, the strength of damaged rock samples is slightly higher than that of intact samples due to pore compaction; however, significant deterioration occurs in the later stages under the influence of dry-wet cycles. (2) Under dry-wet cycles, the dynamic elastic modulus of both types of rock samples continues to decay, while the damping coefficient, damping ratio, and energy dissipation ratio increase synchronously. Notably, damaged rock samples exhibit a higher rate of deterioration and response sensitivity, with their dynamic parameter evolution displaying clear nonlinear and phased characteristics. (3) The product of porosity and pore throat median diameter serves as a comprehensive damage variable, effectively and quantitatively characterizing the microstructural evolution of rock samples with initial damage under dry-wet cycles. (4) The degradation of dynamic characteristics in damaged rock samples under dry-wet cycles is driven by both initial damage and cycling effects. While cyclic loading and unloading induce short-term densification through stress concentration and particle breakage, they also facilitate crack propagation. Initial defects enhance seepage pathways and weaken cementation, leading to structural loosening and continuous damage accumulation until stabilization occurs. Therefore, in long-term seismic performance analyses of the reservoir bank slope, it is essential to systematically consider the coupled effects of initial damage and dry-wet cycles on the deterioration of the rock mass’s dynamic characteristics.
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2026, Vol. 45 
