浅孔爆破机制及其在厚层坚硬顶板沿空留巷中的应用

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2014.1442

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摘要为了预防坚硬顶板沿空留巷顶板大面积来压等动力灾害，结合新超煤矿坚硬顶板沿空留巷的工程背景和地质条件，采用理论分析的方法，阐述浅孔爆破的分区特征及各自的计算式；建立坚硬顶板沿空留巷切顶力学模型，给出在爆破切落直接顶的条件下巷旁充填体切落基本顶的切顶阻力计算式；采用LS-DYNA3D数值计算软件建立浅孔爆破模型，分析浅孔爆破有效应力演化和传播规律，结合理论计算确定浅孔爆破的相关参数。提出浅孔爆破切落直接顶，高水材料构筑巷旁充填体切落上位基本顶的坚硬顶板控制技术，并采用锚杆支护配合单体液压支柱的巷内支护技术。现场应用及矿压监测表明，该技术有效地控制了沿空留巷围岩变形。

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	张自政1
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关键词 ：采矿工程, 浅孔爆破, 坚硬顶板, 沿空留巷, 切顶卸压, 巷旁充填

Abstract：In order to avoid large area roof weighting and other dynamic disasters for gob-side entry retaining with thick and hard roof，combined with geological conditions and engineering practice of gob-side entry retaining with hard roof in Xinchao Colliery，this paper uses theoretical analysis to expound the zone characteristics of shallow-hole blasting and gives out calculation formula of zones respectively. Also the numerical calculation software of LS-DYNA3D is used to establish a model for shallow-hole blasting，analyze the evolution law of the effective stress and confirm relevant parameters of shallow-hole blasting with theoretical calculation results. Based on these research results，control countermeasures have been proposed，which include shallow-hole blasting technology for immediate roof caving，roadside backfill body construction technology with high water material for main roof caving，and road-in support technology of combination bolt support with hydraulic prop support. The field practice and observations show that the application of shallow-hole blasting technology has achieved an expected effects for ground rock control

Key words： mining engineering shallow-hole blasting hard roof gob-side entry retaining roof cutting and pressure relief roadside backfill

引用本文:

张自政1，2，柏建彪1，2，陈勇2，郝胜鹏1，2. 浅孔爆破机制及其在厚层坚硬顶板沿空留巷中的应用[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2016, 35(S1): 3008-3017.
ZHANG Zizheng1，2，BAI Jianbiao1，2，CHEN Yong2，HAO Shengpeng1，2. Shallow-hole blasting mechanism and its application for gob-side entry retaining with thick and hard roof. , 2016, 35(S1): 3008-3017.

链接本文:

https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2014.1442 或 https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2016/V35/IS1/3008

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