承压溶腔对隧道开挖稳定性影响的模型试验

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2016.0082

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摘要

以某三车道公路隧道为依托，开展临近承压溶腔隧道开挖的室内相似模型试验，获得在一定的溶腔大小和内压下，不同位置处溶腔对隧道开挖过程中的洞周位移、钢拱架内力、初支背后围岩压力及洞周围岩应变等影响的特征和规律，并和无溶腔工况进行对比。结果表明：隧道最终拱顶下沉量大小顺序为无溶腔时下沉量＞溶腔位于拱顶时下沉量＞溶腔位于隧道边墙处时下沉量＞溶腔位于仰拱处时下沉量，边墙最终水平收敛量大小顺序为溶腔位于仰拱时的收敛量＞溶腔位于拱顶时收敛量＞无溶腔时收敛量＞溶腔位于边墙时的收敛量。相对于无溶腔而言，临近溶腔存在使得钢拱架的弯矩增大，并增加了轴力分布的不均匀性及偏心距，不利于初期支护结构稳定。同时，溶腔的存在还会减小局部的地层抗力或围岩压力，增大初期支护受力的不均匀性，并在溶腔周围形成一定范围的应力集中区，极大地改变了溶腔与隧道之间围岩的应变分布，对该区域的围岩稳定也较为不利。

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关键词 ：隧道工程, 岩溶地层, 模型试验, 初期支护, 围岩应变, 开挖稳定性

Abstract：

Scaled model tests were carried out for a 3-lanes highway tunnel to investigate the stability of tunnel excavation nearby karst cave with internal pressure. Characteristics of tunnel convergence，steel arch internal force，surrounding rock pressure behind primary support and surrounding rock strain influenced by karst cave in different position are acquired in the process of tunnel excavation under certain cavity size and the internal pressure. The condition of no karst cave is also compared. The result shows that：the size order of tunnel vault final subsidence is vault subsidence of no cave＞vault subsidence of karst cave on vault＞vault subsidence of karst cave on side wall＞vault subsidence of karst cave on invert，the size order of tunnel side wall final horizontal convergence is convergence of karst cave on invert＞convergence of karst cave on vault＞convergence of no cave＞ convergence of karst cave on side wall. Comparing with the condition of no karst cave，the existence of adjacent karst cave increases the bending moment of steel arch，the inhomogeneity of axial force distribution and the eccentricity，which is not conducive to the stability of primary support structure. Meanwhile，the existence of karst cave locally reduces the stratum resistance and the surrounding rock pressure，increases the inhomogeneity of the strained condition of primary support. The existence of karst cave forms a certain range of stress concentration zone around the cave，greatly changes the strain distribution of surrounding rock between tunnel and karst cave， which is not conducive to the stability of surrounding rock in this zone.

Key words： tunnelling engineering karst strata model test primary support surrounding rock strain excavation stability

引用本文:

刘书斌1，2，方勇1，周超月1，3，邓如勇1. 承压溶腔对隧道开挖稳定性影响的模型试验[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2017, 36(S2): 3781-3791.
LIUShubin1，2，FANG Yong1，ZHOU Chaoyue1，3，DENG Ruyong1. Model test of tunnel excavation stability influenced by concealed cave with internal water pressure. , 2017, 36(S2): 3781-3791.

链接本文:

https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2016.0082 或 https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2017/V36/IS2/3781

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