寒旱环境黄土区灌木植物根系拉拔试验及其根系表面微观结构特征研究

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2016.1154

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摘要

为了系统性研究不同根系形态灌木植物根系的抗拉拔特性以及根–土界面微观结构特征对根–土界面摩擦强度的影响，本项试验选取种植于西宁盆地生长期为2 a的灌木植物柠条锦鸡儿、霸王进行室内根系拉拔试验；在此基础上通过扫描电镜方法进一步探讨根系表面微观结构特征及其对根–土界面摩擦强度的影响。试验结果表明：生长期为2 a的灌木柠条锦鸡儿、霸王的根系最大抗拔出力平均值分别为78.89±24.47，67.78±32.82 N，柠条锦鸡儿、霸王根系抗拔出力达到最大值时所对应的根系在土体中相对位移平均值分别为4.02±1.84，10.67±4.04 mm；柠条锦鸡儿根系在拉拔试验中表现出呈完整拔出型和断裂拔出型2种模式，霸王根系表现出断裂拔出型和周皮滑移型2种模式；2种灌木根系最大抗拔出力均随着根系总表面积、根系总体积、根系总长、根系总干质量、侧根数5个根系形态学指标的增加而增大，其中，根系总表面积是对根系抗拔出力影响相对较为显著的根系形态学指标；柠条锦鸡儿根系表面沿轴向方向发育相对密集的凹槽和凸脊，且其表面分布有网格结构，其根系表面微观结构复杂程度大于霸王，根–土界面间的摩擦强度相对强于霸王。柠条锦鸡儿根系相对霸王具有更强的固土护坡能力。该研究结果可为进一步探讨寒旱环境下灌木植物根系与土体相互作用力学机制以及为研究区固土护坡植物的筛选提供参考。

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	刘亚斌1
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	余冬梅1
	祁兆鑫1
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	胡夏嵩1
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	付江涛1
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	李淑霞1
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	朱海丽1
	2

关键词 ：土力学, 寒旱环境, 黄土区, 拉拔试验, 根系形态学指标, 根系拔出模式, 根系表面微观结构

Abstract：

To systemically research into pull-out resistance properties of roots and the effect of root-soil interface microstructure feature on the interface friction strength between root and soil particles，the shrubs Caragana korshinskii Kom. and Zygophyllum xanthoxylon Maxim. with a growth period of two years being planted in a self-established testing area were selected as the research objects and indoor pull-out test was carried out to them. Then scanning electron microscope(SEM) was applied to further investigate surface microstructure features of root and their effect on the friction strength between root and soil. The test results are the following：The mean values for maximum pull-out resistance of C. korshinskii roots and Z. xanthoxylon roots are 78.89±24.47 and 67.78±32.82 N，so the mean value of maximum pull-out resistance of C. korshinskii roots is greater than that for Z. xanthoxylon roots；the mean values for displacement of C. korshinskii roots and Z. xanthoxylon roots at maximum pull-out resistance are 4.02±1.84 and 10.67±4.04 mm，so the mean value for displacement of Z. xanthoxylon roots is greater than that of C. korshinskii roots；both integrated pull-out pattern and fractured pull-out pattern appeared in the process of roots pull-out for C. korshinskii，meanwhile fractured pull-out pattern and periderm slip pattern appeared for Z. xanthoxylon roots；the maximum pull-out resistance of C. korshinskii roots and Z. xanthoxylon roots tends to increase with roots surface area，roots volume，total roots length，roots dry weight and lateral root number increasing，among these five root morphology indexes，roots surface area has relatively more significant influence on roots maximum pull-out resistance；along axial direction of C. korshinskii root，grooves and ridges densely distributed in the surface of root with more net-like structures，so root surface microstructure for C. korshinskii is more complex than that for Z. xanthoxylon, and interface friction strength between soil and root for C. korshinskii is greater than that for Z. xanthoxylon. The slope protection ability of C. korshinskii is greater than that for Z. xanthoxylon. The research conclusion is useful to further investigate mechanics mechanism of interaction between roots and soil for shrubs in cold and arid environment，and meanwhile this conclusion has a theoretical significance and practical value in preventing soil erosion，shallow landslide and other geological hazards in the testing area.

Key words： soil mechanics cold and arid environment loess area pull-out test root morphology index roots pull-out pattern root surface microstructure

引用本文:

刘亚斌1，2，余冬梅1，祁兆鑫1，2，胡夏嵩1，3，付江涛1，2，李淑霞1，2，朱海丽1，2. 寒旱环境黄土区灌木植物根系拉拔试验及其根系表面微观结构特征研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2018, 37(S1): 3701-3713.
LIU Yabin1，2，YU Dongmei1，QI Zhaoxin1，2，HU Xiasong1，3，FU Jiangtao1，2，LI Shuxia1，2，ZHU Haili1，2. Research on pull-out test and surface microstructure features of shrubs roots in loess area of cold and arid environment. , 2018, 37(S1): 3701-3713.

链接本文:

https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2016.1154 或 https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2018/V37/IS1/3701

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