乌东德水电站左岸尾水出口薄层顺向陡倾边坡变形分析与处理

doi:10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2024.0613

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摘要乌东德水电站左岸尾水出口边坡作为导流洞、尾水洞和泄洪洞等共用的关键边坡，具有薄层顺向陡倾结构、长大断层隐伏穿过和隧洞穿越等显著特点。首先深入分析边坡–隧洞系统在地质、设计和施工中遇到的关键问题，揭示引起系统突发变形的主要原因，并提出针对性的处理对策。通过实施一系列综合性应对措施，包括系统性加固、临空面混凝土挡墙支撑、严格执行“先坡后洞”的开挖次序、严格限定爆破质点振动速度以及强化外部防水系统建设，在变形监测处于可控状态的前提下，顺利完成隧洞穿越边坡的贯通开挖，成功解决边坡–隧洞系统在施工期间出现突发变形后的开挖稳定问题。其次，通过数值仿真分析，验证动态调整支护措施能够满足边坡在施工期及运营期的安全要求。最后，系统阐述边坡–隧洞系统在突发变形后的整体应对策略和具体流程。长期监测结果表明，该尾水出口边坡已安全运行9 a，变形处于稳定可控范围内。研究成果对于类似工程的开挖、加固、稳定具有重要参考意义。

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	樊启祥1
	2
	石城3
	4
	林鹏3
	4
	彭吉银1
	顾功开1
	刘科5
	邓勇6

关键词 ：岩石力学；乌东德水电站；顺向岩质边坡；边坡&ndash, 隧洞系统；变形处理；稳定性分析

Abstract：The tailwater outlet slope on the left bank of Wudongde hydropower station，as a key slope shared by the diversion outlet，tailwater outlet and flood discharging outlet，is characterized by the steeply dipping and bedding structure with thin layers，the hidden passage of a long-growth fault and the crossing of tunnels. This paper firstly analyses the reasons for the sudden deformation of the slope-tunnel system caused by the key problems encountered in geology，design and construction，and the corresponding treatment methods are discussed systematically. Through the implementation of a series of comprehensive measures，including systematic reinforcement，support by concrete retaining walls on the open face，strict adherence to the excavation sequence of “slope before tunnel”，strict limitation of the mass vibration rate of blasting，and strengthening of the construction of external waterproofing system，the excavation of the tunnels through the slope has been successfully completed under controlled deformation monitoring，and the excavation stabilization of the slope-tunnel system is solved after the emergence of sudden deformations during the construction period. Secondly，it is verified by numerical simulation analysis that the dynamically adjusted support measures can meet the safety requirements of the slope during the construction and operation periods. Finally，the overall response strategy and specific process after the sudden deformation of the slope-tunnel system are systematically elaborated. The long-term monitoring results show that the tailwater outlet slope has been operating safely for more than nine years. The research results have important reference significance for the excavation reinforcement and stabilization of similar projects.

Key words： rock mechanics Wudongde hydropower station bedding rock slope slope-tunnel system deformation treatment stability analysis

引用本文:

樊启祥1，2，石城3，4，林鹏3，4，彭吉银1，顾功开1，刘科5，邓勇6. 乌东德水电站左岸尾水出口薄层顺向陡倾边坡变形分析与处理[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2025, 44(1): 16-29.
FAN Qixiang1，2，SHI Cheng3，4，LIN Peng3，4，PENG Jiyin1，GU Gongkai1，LIU Ke5，DENG Yong6. Deformation analysis and treatment of the steeply dipping and bedding slope with thin layers at left bank tailwater outlet of Wudongde hydropower station. , 2025, 44(1): 16-29.

链接本文:

https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2024.0613 或 https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2025/V44/I1/16

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