考虑钻井液封堵效应的破碎性地层井壁坍塌模型

doi:10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2023.0627

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摘要目前破碎性地层井壁失稳问题严重影响着超深层安全高效钻井。传统井壁稳定模型难以分析钻井液封堵对井壁坍塌的影响，难以定量确定钻井液封堵能力，导致井壁稳定设计缺乏针对性。因此，开展考虑钻井液封堵的井壁坍塌模型研究对破碎性地层安全钻井具有重要的意义。针对上述问题，基于非连续介质力学方法，建立考虑钻井液封堵效应的破碎性地层井壁坍塌力学模型，提出利用破碎块体间有效应力验证模型计算结果的方法，进而分析了钻井液封堵、块体破碎程度及力学参数、地应力、井眼尺寸等因素对坍塌压力的影响规律，并进行现场实例验证。研究表明，破碎性地层井壁失稳是由破碎块体间受力不平衡而发生剪切滑移引起的，且破碎性地层因钻井液密度过大也可引起坍塌，坍塌方位与常规地层也不相同；钻井液封堵效果和块体破碎程度分别与井壁稳定情况呈正相关和负相关关系。现场验证表明，采用新模型设计的钻井液密度与封堵性能后井壁坍塌情况得到明显的改善。该研究为破碎性地层钻井如何选择合理的防塌钻井液密度与封堵性能提供理论支撑。

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	卢运虎1
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	周波2
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关键词 ：采矿工程, 破碎性地层, 离散元, 封堵系数, 井壁失稳, 钻井液侵入

Abstract：Currently，wellbore instability in fractured formations significantly impacts the exploration and development of ultra-deep oil and gas resources. Traditional analytical models for wellbore stability struggle to account for the effects of drilling fluid plugging，and the computational efficiency of numerical simulation methods often fails to meet the demands of efficient drilling. To address these issues，a wellbore collapse mechanical model for fractured formations that incorporates the drilling fluid plugging effect has been established based on the mechanics of discontinuous media. Additionally，a method to verify the model?s computational results using the effective stress between fractured blocks has been proposed. The study analyzes the influences of drilling fluid plugging，block fragmentation degree，mechanical parameters，in-situ stress，hole size，and other factors on collapsing pressure. The results indicate that wellbore instability in fractured formations is primarily caused by shear slip of fractured blocks，which arises from unbalanced forces between these blocks. Unlike traditional theories，this study reveals that wellbore instability can also result from excessive drilling fluid density，and the direction of collapse may vary accordingly. Furthermore，the plugging effect of drilling fluid is positively correlated with wellbore stability，while the degree of block fragmentation is negatively correlated with it. Field verification demonstrates a significant improvement in wellbore stability following the application of drilling fluid density and plugging performance designed according to the new model. This research provides theoretical support for selecting appropriate anti-collapse drilling fluid densities and plugging performance in well drilling within fractured formations.

Key words： mining engineering fractured formation discrete element plugging coefficient wellbore instability drilling fluid invasion

引用本文:

卢运虎1，2，张樱曦2，金衍1，2，周波2，3. 考虑钻井液封堵效应的破碎性地层井壁坍塌模型[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2025, 44(S1): 10-20.
LU Yunhu1，2，ZHANG Yingxi2，JIN Yan1，2，ZHOU Bo2，3. Wellbore collapse model of fractured formation considering drilling fluid plugging effect. , 2025, 44(S1): 10-20.

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https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2023.0627 或 https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2025/V44/IS1/10

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