三峡库区典型岩溶隧道突涌水灾害防治与应用

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摘要三峡翻坝高速公路沿线水文地质条件极其复杂，岩溶不良地质十分发育，隧道施工突涌水风险极高。为控制突涌水风险，经过大量工程实践，依托三峡翻坝高速公路，提出一套高风险岩溶隧道突涌水防治体系。首先，通过岩溶水文地质调查方法，分析地层岩性、地形、地貌等信息，揭示区域岩溶发育特征和补排通道，并对降雨量、水流流量等数据进行长期观测，确定区域岩溶水的补径排特点；然后，通过分析突水风险孕险环境与致险因子，结合施工工程动态信息，对隧道突水进行动态风险评估，提出并成功实施一种基于隧道施工风险评估的超前地质预报体系；最后，根据综合超前地质预报结果，对突水治理方案进行动态优化设计，确定治理区段与治理方案，并在施工过程中进行开挖、支护和注浆的质量控制。经三峡翻坝高速典型岩溶隧道鸡公岭隧道的应用证明，该体系可有效规避大型突涌水等地质灾害，可为三峡库区和清江流域内其他工程所借鉴，具有广泛的应用前景和工程实用价值。

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关键词 ：隧道工程, 三峡库区, 典型岩溶隧道, 突水, 工程应用

Abstract：To build the expressway by the side of Three Gorge reservoir，tunnel construction was faced with the complex hydrogeological conditions，well developed karst and high risk of water inrush. A prevention system of high-risk karst tunnel was proposed in terms of the risk control of water inrush. Firstly，the regional karst features and water channels were revealed through the hydrogeological survey of karst and the analysis of the information such as lithology and topography. The characteristics of karst water were determined according to the long-term observation of rainfalls and water flows. Secondly，combined with the real-time information of construction，the water inrush risk was assessed by analyzing the risk surroundings and the risk factors. A geological prediction system for tunnels was presented based on the risk assessment. Finally，the curing programs of water inrush were optimized with the comprehensive geological prediction results. As such，both the region and the plan for water inrush curing were determined. The quality of excavation，support and grouting in the construction were ensured. The application of the approach provided the safety for the construction Jigongling Tunnel and avoided large-scale water inrush.

Key words： tunnelling engineering Three Gorges Reservoir area typical karst tunnels water inrush engineering application

收稿日期: 2013-07-04

引用本文:

李术才1，石少帅1，李利平1，2，陈军3，许振浩1，周宗青1，袁永才1. 三峡库区典型岩溶隧道突涌水灾害防治与应用[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2014, 33(09): 1887-1896.
LI Shucai1，SHI Shaoshuai1，LI Liping1，2，CHEN Jun3，XU Zhenhao1，ZHOU Zongqing1，YUAN Yongcai1. CONTROL OF WATER INRUSH IN TYPICAL KARST TUNNELS IN THREE GORGES RESERVOIR AREA AND ITS APPLICATION. , 2014, 33(09): 1887-1896.

链接本文:

http://www.rockmech.org/CN/Y2014/V33/I09/1887

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