基于有限体积法的滑坡–碎屑流三维运动过程模拟分析

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2015.03.005

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摘要滑坡–碎屑流因其超常的流动性、超高的滑速以及巨大的能量成为一种具有极端破坏力的地质灾害现象。为实现滑坡–碎屑流三维地形条件下运动全过程的数值模拟，在局部拉格朗日坐标系基础上，考虑滑坡–碎屑流运动过程中滑体下表面的侵蚀作用及摩擦阻力的变化，建立基于有限体积法的计算模型。应用模型对萨尔瓦多的El Picacho滑坡进行反演分析，模拟过程采用距离侵蚀速率参数及Voellmy阻力模型，模拟结果的运动路径及滑动距离与滑坡发生的实际情况吻合较好，表明结合模型方程的数值模拟方法对于滑坡–碎屑流运动过程研究的有效性。此外，计算未考虑滑体下表面侵蚀作用的滑坡运动过程，结果显示滑坡运动物质的总体积减少，滑动距离明显变短。因此，侵蚀作用是滑坡–碎屑流运动过程研究所必须考虑的重要因素之一。滑坡–碎屑流三维运动过程的数值模拟研究可以为该类灾害的危险性评估及风险预测等提供科学的参考依据。

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关键词 ：边坡工程, 滑坡&ndash, 碎屑流, 三维运动过程, 数值模拟, 有限体积法

Abstract：Because of super mobility，high velocity and enormous energy，the landslide-debris flow is a kind of geological disaster with extreme destructive power. In order to simulate three-dimensional movement of landslide-debris flow，a simulation model considering the erosion effect and the change of friction resistance at the bottom of landslide was established in the paper based on the local Lagrange coordinate system and the finite volume method. The simulation model was validated with the example of El Picacho landslide using the parameters of distance erosion rate and Voellmy model. The results of simulation showed that the runout path and distance agreed with the field data of measurement，which indicated the effectiveness of the proposed model. Besides，the simulation without erosion effect was carried out. It is indicated that the total volume of sliding mass was decreased and the runout distance was shortened，which indicating that the erosion effect at the bottom of landslide was an important factor for the movement of landslide-debris flow.

Key words： slope engineering landslide-debris flow three-dimensional movement process numerical simulation finite volume method

收稿日期: 2014-02-25

引用本文:

杜娟1，殷坤龙2，王佳佳2. 基于有限体积法的滑坡–碎屑流三维运动过程模拟分析[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2015, 34(03): 480-488.
DU Juan1，YIN Kunlong2，WANG Jiajia2. SIMULATION OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL MOVEMENT OF LANDSLIDE-DEBRIS FLOW BASED ON FINITE VOLUME METHOD. , 2015, 34(03): 480-488.

链接本文:

http://www.rockmech.org/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2015.03.005 或 http://www.rockmech.org/CN/Y2015/V34/I03/480

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