用于地铁盾构区间孤石探测的三维电阻率跨孔CT方法研究及物理模型试验

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2014.1696

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摘要城市地铁盾构区间孤石的三维定位问题一直未得到很好的解决，为了提高实际工程对孤石异常体的探测识别和定位精度，尝试将三维电阻率跨孔CT精细化探测方法引入到地铁孤石群的探测工作中。首先，从4个平行钻孔“透视对穿”的典型观测模式出发，探讨三维电阻率跨孔CT反演成像方程及适用的装置类型，通过数值模拟研究发现，利用AM-BN电极阵列装置形式采集电位梯度数据得到的孤石成像效果最佳。在此基础上，进一步针对影响探测效果的2个要素——孔距和电极间距开展系统的数值模拟试验研究，据此提出合理的三维电阻率CT探测参数，并检验对小粒径孤石、密集分布的孤石群的识别效果。最后，结合物理模型试验研究进行验证，探测结果较准确地反映了高阻异常的分布情况，表明三维电阻率跨孔CT方法用于地铁孤石探测是可行的。

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关键词 ：隧道工程, 地铁盾构区间, 孤石, 三维电阻率跨孔CT, 装置形式, 影响因素

Abstract：Locating boulders in metro shield zones is a complex three dimensional detection problem that has not been resolved. In order to improve the detection accuracy，3D resistivity cross-hole tomography was introduced into boulder detection in subway construction. Based on the typical detection arrangement of cross-hole resistivity prospecting using four parallel boreholes，the inverse imaging equation and the suitable corresponding equipment were investigated. It was found from numerical simulations that using potential gradient data gathered by an array of AM-BN electrodes will produce the best quality image of the detected boulders. On this basis，further numerical simulation studies were carried out on the influence of borehole distance and electrode spacing on the final the detection result. Consequently，the rational parameters for the 3D resistivity cross-hole tomography detection method were determined. The method was then tested on the detection of small boulders and densely populated boulder swarms. Finally，physical model experiments were carried out to verify the study. The detection result indicated the actual distribution of high resistivity bodies with a high level of accuracy，suggesting the feasibility of using the 3D resistivity cross-hole tomography method in metro shield zone boulder detection.

Key words： tunneling engineering metro shield zones boulder 3D resistivity cross-hole tomography observation modes influencing factors

引用本文:

刘征宇，李术才，刘斌，王世睿，陈磊，聂利超，范克睿. 用于地铁盾构区间孤石探测的三维电阻率跨孔CT方法研究及物理模型试验[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2015, 34(12): 2519-2530.
LIU Zhengyu，LI Shucai，LIU Bin，WANG Shirui，CHEN Lei，NIE Lichao，FAN Kerui. BOULDER DETECTION METHOD BASED ON 3D RESISTIVITY CROSS-HOLE TOMOGRAPHY IN METRO SHIELD ZONES AND ITS PHYSICAL MODEL EXPERIMENTAL STUDY. , 2015, 34(12): 2519-2530.

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http://www.rockmech.org/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2014.1696 或 http://www.rockmech.org/CN/Y2015/V34/I12/2519

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