滑坡地质灾害牛顿力远程监测预警系统及工程应用

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2020.1189

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摘要滑坡灾害的精准监测和及时预警是防灾减灾的关键。针对目前滑坡监测预警存在的预警成功率低、预警时间滞后等问题，提出基于“滑坡发生的充分必要条件是牛顿力变化”这一学术思想的监测预警新方法，研发滑坡地质灾害牛顿力远程监测预警新系统。从滑坡牛顿力远程监测预警的“道”、“器”、“术”及工程应用4个方面进行总结论述。首先，在岩石力学领域首次提出地质体灾变牛顿力变化定律，构建基于牛顿力变化测量的滑坡双体灾变力学模型和数学表达，形成一套完善的滑坡牛顿力测量理论体系。再者，自主研发滑坡地质灾害牛顿力远程监测预警系统以及具有高恒阻、大变形、超强吸能特性的适用于滑坡牛顿力监测的负泊松比(NPR)锚索，提出滑坡牛顿力灾变预警模式及预警等级，形成滑坡加固–监测–预警一体化控制技术。最后，该系统在全国26个示范区的543个监测点进行实际工程应用，布点范围内的16次滑坡灾害全部预警成功，挽救了百余人生命和数以亿计装备财产，成功解决了滑坡短临预报的科学难题。

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	何满潮1
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关键词 ：边坡工程, 监测预警, 牛顿力测量, 负泊松比锚索

Abstract：Precise monitoring and early warning of landslides are crucial to disaster prevention and mitigation. At present，landslide monitoring and early warning have a low success rate and a lagging early-warning time. In response to these problems，a new monitoring and early warning method was proposed based on the academic idea of “the sufficient and necessary condition for landslides is the change of Newton force”. Besides，a remote monitoring and forecasting system of Newton force for landslide geological hazards was developed. Four aspects of the system including theory，equipment，technology and engineering application were summarized in this article. First，the Newton force change law of geological catastrophes was proposed for the first time in the field of rock mechanics and a double-block mechanical model was constructed based on Newton force change measurement，forming a complete set of landslide Newton force measurement theory. Subsequently，a monitoring and early warning system and negative Possion¢s ratio(NPR) anchor cables suitable for landslide monitoring with high constant resistance，large deformation and super energy absorption characteristics, were developed. Landslide warning modes and warning levels based on Newton force measurement were proposed and an integrated landslide control technology was formed. Finally，the system was implemented at 543 monitoring points in 26 demonstration areas in China. All 16 landslide disasters within the deployment scope were successfully warned，which saved more than 100 lives and hundreds of millions of equipment and property. The scientific problem of short-term landslide prediction was successfully solved.

Key words： slope engineering monitoring and early warning Newton force measurement negative Possion¢ s ratio(NPR) anchor cable

引用本文:

何满潮1，2，任树林1，2，陶志刚1，2. 滑坡地质灾害牛顿力远程监测预警系统及工程应用[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2021, 40(11): 2161-2172.
HE Manchao1，2，REN Shulin1，2，TAO Zhigang1，2. Remote monitoring and forecasting system of Newton force for landslide geological hazards and its engineering application. , 2021, 40(11): 2161-2172.

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http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2020.1189 或 http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2021/V40/I11/2161

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