冻融–压剪荷载联合作用下含水裂隙岩体冻胀破坏规律研究

doi:10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2024.0430

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摘要寒区岩质边坡的失稳与主控裂隙发育密切相关，其中冻融环境与荷载情况为主控裂隙扩展的直接诱因，因此，探明冻融与荷载联合作用下含水裂隙岩体冻胀特性是边坡灾害防控的重要前提。通过自主研制的受荷装置开展压剪作用下裂隙岩体冻融试验，获取冻融过程温度场、应力场、冻胀力及端部应变的变化规律。建立压剪荷载作用下裂隙岩体冻融数值模型，系统分析冻融与不同压剪荷载组合作用下岩体裂隙冻胀扩展规律。最终归纳出裂隙岩体破坏类型分区三维示意图，提出受荷冻融破坏面、压剪促进区等关键指标。结果表明，单次冻融过程中，温度和冻胀力变化规律具有相似特征，均可划分7个阶段；反复冻融过程中，峰值冻胀力随循环次数的增加而降低，但循环初期下降迅速，中期保持稳定，后期随破坏消散；随冻融循环次数增加，岩体受压、压剪作用下裂隙端部的应变值均逐渐增大，压荷载和剪荷载对裂隙岩石的冻胀变形分别具有抑制和促进作用；剪荷载的施加导致裂隙发育较快，荷载越大裂隙发育越快；压荷载施加后在冻融前期裂隙发育较快，中后期裂隙发育逐步变缓，最终破坏所经历的冻融循环次数却增加；压剪荷载组合中剪荷载为主控荷载。岩体性质、冻融环境条件、荷载大小等不仅影响受荷裂隙岩体的冻融破坏规律，甚至可以改变其破坏机制。

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	梁博1
	杨更社1
	申艳军2
	3
	潘振兴1
	王磊1
	刘慧1
	贾海梁1
	魏尧4
	孙杰龙5

关键词 ：岩石力学, 冻融循环, 压剪荷载, 联合作用, 裂隙岩体, 冻胀破坏

Abstract：The instability of rock slopes in cold regions is closely linked to the development of dominant fractures，with the freeze-thaw environment and load conditions serving as direct triggers for the expansion of these fractures. Therefore，understanding the frost heave characteristics of water-bearing fractured rock masses under the combined effects of freeze-thaw and load is a crucial prerequisite for preventing and controlling slope disasters. Using a self-developed loading device，the freeze-thaw tests on fractured rock mass under compressive and shear forces were conducted to identify patterns in the temperature field，stress field，frost heave force，and end strain during the freeze-thaw process. The numerical model was established to simulate the freeze-thaw process in fractured rock masses under compressive-shear loads，systematically analyzing the frost heave expansion law of rock mass fractures under the coupled action of freeze-thaw and various combinations of compressive and shear loads. Finally，the three-dimensional schematic diagram illustrating the zoning of fracture rock mass failure types was summarized，and the key indicators such as loaded freeze-thaw failure surface and compression shear promotion zone were proposed. The results show that，the variation of temperature and frost heave force during a single freeze-thaw cycle exhibits similar characteristics，which can be divided into seven stages. In repeated freeze-thaw cycles，the peak frost heave force decreases with an increasing number of cycles，but it decreases rapidly in the early stages of the cycles，remains stable in the middle stage，and dissipates due to damage in the later stage. With the increase in the number of freeze-thaw cycles，the strain value at the crack tip of the rock mass under compression and compression-shear action gradually increases. Compression and shear loads exert inhibitory and promotive effects on the frost heave deformation of fractured rock，respectively. The application of shear load accelerates crack development，with a higher load resulting in faster crack propagation. After the application of compressive load，crack development accelerates in the early stages of freeze-thaw cycles but gradually slows down in the middle and later stages. However，the number of freeze-thaw cycles required for ultimate failure increases. The shear load in compression-shear load combination is the dominant load. The properties of the rock mass，freeze-thaw environmental conditions，and load magnitude not only affect the freeze-thaw failure law of loaded fractured rock masses but also alter their failure mechanisms.

Key words： rock mechanics freeze-thaw cycle compression-shear load combined effect fractured rock mass frost heaving damage

引用本文:

梁博1，杨更社1，申艳军2，3，潘振兴1，王磊1，刘慧1，贾海梁1，魏尧4，孙杰龙5. 冻融–压剪荷载联合作用下含水裂隙岩体冻胀破坏规律研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2025, 44(5): 1219-1229.
LIANG Bo1，YANG Gengshe1，SHEN Yanjun2，3，PAN Zhenxing1，WANG Lei1，LIU Hui1，JIA Hailiang1，WEI Yao4，SUN Jielong5. Frost heave failure of water-bearing fractured rock mass under the combined effect of freeze-thaw-compression-shear load. , 2025, 44(5): 1219-1229.

链接本文:

https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2024.0430 或 https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2025/V44/I5/1219

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