盐渍土路基水–盐–热–力耦合理论及数值研究

doi:10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2024.0273

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摘要为研究盐渍土路基内部耦合物理场分布，以青藏铁路环青海湖区段路基为依托，基于修正的传统盐分场方程，采用COMSOL自定义偏微分方程及固体力学场模块建立水–盐–热–力耦合数学模型。通过分析地下水埋设在开放系统边界水盐补给条件下的物理场特征，得到土体内部水分场、温度场、盐分场及位移场演变规律。研究结果表明：路基表面至－0.4 m深度范围土层含水率呈现先减少、后快速增加、再略微减少、最后趋于平稳的四阶段发展趋势，且峰值含水率较谷值增加2.65%；路基－0.4～－2 m土层含盐量先增大后平稳，深度平均每增加1 m最大含盐量增大2%，深度越深增幅越大。－2 m深度以下土层温度对外界温度变化响应具有明显的滞后现象，深度每增加1 m滞后约30 d；最大膨胀位移和最大盐冻胀高差分别为1.42，2.64 cm，且冬季膨胀位移占盐冻胀位移的32.2%以上。

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	唐先习1
	封苏航1
	张寿红2
	渠敬晔1

关键词 ：土力学, 盐渍冻土, 多场耦合, 水盐热质迁移, 盐冻胀高差, 膨胀位移

Abstract：In order to study the distribution of coupled physical fields in the subgrade of saline soil，relying on the subgrade of Qinghai—Xizang Railway around Qinghai Lake，based on the modified traditional salt field equation，a water-salt-heat-force coupled mathematical model was established using the COMSOL custom partial differential equation and solid mechanics field module. By analyzing the physical field characteristics of groundwater buried under the condition of water and salt recharge at the boundary of open system，the evolution laws of moisture，temperature，salt，and displacement field within the soil mass were obtained. The results show that the soil moisture content shows a four-stage development trend of decreasing firstly，increasing rapidly，then decreasing slightly，and stabilizing finally in the region from the subgrade surface to the depth of －0.4 m，and the peak moisture content increases by 2.65 % compared with the valley value. The salt content of subgrade increases initially and then stabilizes in the region from －0.4 m to －2 m of subgrade，the maximum salt content increases by 2% per meter on average，and the growing rate is proportional to the depth. The response of soil temperature to external temperature change has obvious lag phenomenon under －2 m depth of subgrade，and the lag time is about 30 d for each 1m depth increase. The maximum expansion displacement and salt frost heave height difference are 1.42 cm and 2.64 cm respectively，and the winter expansion displacement accounts for more than 32.2% of the salt frost heave displacement.

Key words： soil mechanics saline frozen soil multi-field coupling water-salt and thermal mass transfer salt frost heave height difference expansion displacement

引用本文:

唐先习1，封苏航1，张寿红2，渠敬晔1. 盐渍土路基水–盐–热–力耦合理论及数值研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2025, 44(S1): 250-261.
TANG Xianxi1，FENG Suhang1，ZHANG Shouhong2，QU Jingye1. Theory and numerical study of coupled water-salt-heat-force in saline soil subgrade. , 2025, 44(S1): 250-261.

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https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2024.0273 或 https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2025/V44/IS1/250

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