基于冲击荷载法的碎石土路基力学特性及压实质量评价研究

doi:10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2024.0641

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摘要冲击荷载法是对路基施加冲击力分析响应信号进而评价路基压实质量的方法。研究冲击荷载下碎石土路基的响应机制，有助于深入了解该类路基的力学特性，以及加深对冲击荷载法评价路基压实质量原理的认识。首先充分考虑碎石土的真实状态，使用离散元方法建立冲击荷载作用下碎石土路基动力响应模型，并且通过大三轴试验标定了模型参数，采用现场试验验证了模型的合理性。随后，探讨不同压实度下路基动应力的衰减特征，并与连续介质理论获得的结果进行比较，进一步建立孔隙率与回弹模量之间的量化模型，分析路基性能改变时路基表面响应的变化，最后讨论不同冲击载荷与承载板半径对有效检测深度的影响。研究结果发现：（1）孔隙率对碎石土路基内部动应力衰减影响显著，孔隙率越小衰减越快；并且采用连续介质理论获得的动应力普遍偏低，最大相差70%以上；（2）碎石土路基孔隙率与回弹模量之间有良好的线性关系，验证了冲击荷载法评价路基压实质量的可行性；（3）承载板半径对冲击荷载法有效检测深度有明显影响，承载板半径为0.15和0.2 m时，有效检测深度在0.3 m以内，半径为0.25 m时，有效检测深度在0.3～0.4 m范围。

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	李梦威1
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	卢正1
	唐楚轩1
	2
	胡智3
	柴少强4
	刘永4

关键词 ：路基工程, 碎石土, 离散元, 冲击荷载, 压实质量

Abstract： The impact loading method is a technique used to assess the compaction quality of subgrade by applying impact forces and analyzing the resulting response signals. Investigating the response mechanism of gravel soil subgrade under impact loading enhances our understanding of its mechanical properties and improves the evaluation principles of subgrade compaction quality using this method. The actual working conditions of gravel soil subgrade were fully considered, and a dynamic response model was established using the discrete element method. The model parameters were calibrated through triaxial tests, and its validity was verified by field experiments. Subsequently, the attenuation characteristics of dynamic stress in the subgrade under different compaction densities were explored and compared with results from continuum medium theory. A quantitative model relating porosity to the resilient modulus was further developed. The variations in surface response of the subgrade with changes in its properties were analyzed, and the effects of different impact load amplitudes and plate radii on the effective detection depth were discussed. The findings are as follows: (1) Porosity significantly affects the attenuation of internal dynamic stress in gravel soil subgrade, with faster attenuation observed at lower porosity levels; the dynamic stress obtained using continuum medium theory is generally lower, with a maximum difference exceeding 70%. (2) There is a strong linear relationship between porosity and resilient modulus of gravel soil subgrade, validating the feasibility of using the impact loading method to evaluate subgrade compaction quality. (3) The plate radius significantly impacts the effective detection depth of the impact loading method, with effective detection depths within 0.3 m for plate radii of 0.15 and 0.2 m, and between 0.3 and 0.4 m for a radius of 0.25 m.

Key words： subgrade engineering;gravel soil;;discrete element;impact load ompaction quality

引用本文:

李梦威1，2，卢正1，唐楚轩1，2，胡智3，柴少强4，刘永4. 基于冲击荷载法的碎石土路基力学特性及压实质量评价研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2025, 44(6): 1649-1657.
LI Mengwei1, 2, LU Zheng1, TANG Chuxuan1, 2, HU Zhi3, CHAI Shaoqiang4, LIU Yong4. Study on mechanical properties and compaction quality evaluation of gravel soil subgrade based on impact load method. , 2025, 44(6): 1649-1657.

链接本文:

https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2024.0641 或 https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2025/V44/I6/1649

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