Abstract：To enhance the seismic design of rigid-faced reinforced soil retaining walls for high-speed railways in China, this study integrates shaking table tests with numerical simulations to analyze post-earthquake horizontal displacement, settlement, and structural acceleration responses, with a particular focus on the mechanical behavior of geogrids under seismic action. The key findings are as follows: (1) the analysis utilizing the peak ground acceleration (PGA) amplification factor effectively evaluates the overall dynamic characteristics of the structure. Both composite and monolithic facings exhibit similar deformation patterns, primarily undergoing rotational deformation during seismic events. (2) The mechanical behavior of geogrids under seismic conditions can be characterized by three parameters: elongation, displacement, and strain. The results indicate that pullout failure is more prevalent than tensile failure in these structures. (3) The intensity of seismic activity significantly influences geogrid mechanisms. During low-intensity earthquakes, the potential failure surface resembles a “0.3H” shape, shifting to “0.14H” when connector effects are disregarded. Conversely, during strong earthquakes, the insufficient pullout resistance of upper geogrids results in compensatory effects in the middle geogrids, leading to an “S”-shaped failure surface. (4) The anchored wedge method employed in strong earthquake design tends to underestimate the load transfer role of middle geogrids, resulting in excessively conservative designs. (5) The mechanical mechanisms of geogrids affect the distribution characteristics of surface settlement, which displays a bimodal pattern with peaks occurring near the panel (0.05H) and at the end of the geogrid. These insights provide valuable guidance for the design of reinforced soil retaining walls in high-speed railway projects.
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2025, Vol. 44 
