地震作用下含软弱夹层反倾岩质边坡动力响应振动台试验研究

doi:10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2025.0171

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摘要我国西南山区构造活跃，含软弱夹层的反倾高陡岩质边坡发育，地震作用下该类边坡动力响应特征复杂，变形破坏机制不清，制约着灾害风险防控。在对金沙江上游高陡边坡开展大量调查的基础上，构建含软弱夹层反倾岩质边坡概化地质模型，通过大型振动台模型试验，研究不同地面峰值加速度(PGA)、地震波频率、加载方向等条件下边坡动力响应特征和变形破坏过程。结果表明，含软弱夹层反倾岩质边坡在地震作用下的非线性动力响应特征明显，表现出较为明显的高程效应和趋表效应，且PGA越大，这2种动力放大效应越显著。正弦波作用下，1/3～2/3坡高范围内的坡体竖向动力响应表现出趋表效应。随着频率增加，动力响应程度较大的区域由1/3～2/3坡高范围逐渐向坡脚转移。当PGA≥0.4 g时，在2 Hz正弦波作用下，坡顶损伤区域的动力响应出现衰减现象。在汶川波作用下，坡顶和坡表的水平方向动力响应相较于竖向动力响应明显减弱。然而，在高峰值加速度(PGA≥0.4 g)地震波作用下，表现出相反的趋势。与仅在x方向加载汶川波相比，x和z方向同时加载时坡体1/2～5/6坡高范围内的竖向动力响应更为强烈。边坡模型变形破坏过程可大致分为5个阶段，即微小损伤阶段、坡顶开裂阶段、坡肩破坏阶段、滑面孕育演化阶段及滑面贯通失稳阶段。

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	邹启俊1
	2
	吴瑞安1
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	郭长宝1
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	钟宁1
	3
	杨志华1
	3

关键词 ：边坡工程, 反倾岩质边坡, 软弱夹层, 地震作用, 动力响应, 振动台试验

Abstract：The southwestern mountainous region of China is tectonically active and characterized by high, steep anti-dip rock slopes with weak intercalations. Under seismic action, the dynamic response characteristics of these slopes are complex, and the mechanisms of deformation and damage remain unclear, hindering effective disaster risk prevention and control. Based on extensive investigations of high and steep slopes in the upper reaches of the Jinsha River, a conceptual geological model is developed. It examines the dynamic response characteristics and deformation failure of the slopes under varying conditions of peak ground acceleration(PGA), seismic wave frequency, and loading direction through large-scale shaking table model tests. The results indicate pronounced nonlinear dynamic response characteristics of weak interlayer anti-dip rock slopes under seismic action, exhibiting significant height and surface effects. As the PGA increases, these two dynamic amplification effects become more prominent. The vertical dynamic response of slopes within the range of 1/3h to 2/3h demonstrates a surface effect when subjected to sinusoidal waves. As the frequency of sinusoidal waves increases, the region exhibiting a greater dynamic response gradually shifts from 1/3h to 2/3h towards the foot of the slope. When PGA≥0.4 g, under the action of a 2 Hz sinusoidal wave, the dynamic response in the damage area at the top of the slope shows signs of decay. Under the influence of the Wenchuan wave, the horizontal dynamic response at the slope's top and surface is significantly weaker than the vertical dynamic response. However, under the effect of high peak ground acceleration(PGA≥0.4 g) seismic waves, an opposing pattern is observed. The vertical dynamic response in the upper range of 1/2h to 5/6h of the slope is stronger when loading occurs simultaneously in the x and z directions compared to loading the Wenchuan wave solely in the x direction. The deformation and failure process of the slope model can be categorized into five stages: the tiny damage stage, the cracking stage at the slope top, the failure stage at the slope shoulder, the evolution stage of the sliding surface, and the instability stage of the sliding surface. Shaking table test on dynamic response of anti-dip rock slope with weak interlayers under seismic loading

Key words： slope engineering anti-dip rock slope weak interlayer seismic action dynamic response shaking table test

引用本文:

邹启俊1，2，吴瑞安1，3，郭长宝1，3，钟宁1，3，杨志华1，3. 地震作用下含软弱夹层反倾岩质边坡动力响应振动台试验研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2025, 44(9): 2470-2485.
ZOU Qijun1, 2,WU Ruian1, 3, GUO Changbao1, 3, ZHONG Ning1, 3, YANG Zhihua1, 3. Shaking table test on dynamic response of anti-dip rock slope with weak interlayers under seismic loading. , 2025, 44(9): 2470-2485.

链接本文:

https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2025.0171 或 https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2025/V44/I9/2470

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