“两硬”条件下孤岛型短煤柱工作面顶板破断形态及灾害防治分析

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2015.1571

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摘要 “两硬”条件下孤岛型短煤柱工作面所采煤层应力高度集中，顶板边界条件复杂，多次采动影响容易引起顶板扰动型围岩动力破坏。为提高该类采场围岩控制效果，采用现场实测、理论分析等研究方法分析坚硬顶板破断形态、工作面矿压显现形式及引发围岩动力破坏的原因。结果表明：孤岛型短煤柱工作面坚硬基本顶发生II类“O-X”破断，仅弧形三角岩板影响工作面矿压显现强度，来压时煤体承受载荷组合形式为高静载、低动载，工作面异常矿压现象以临空侧浅部煤体局部动力破坏为主，不会发生大范围、高危害程度的冲击地压灾害；高储能系数坚硬顶板动力破断引发的冲击载荷经未破碎坚硬顶煤有效传递至下位煤层、侧向顶板结构失稳及高推进速度造成的煤体水平应力快速卸载均可能引发短煤柱工作面煤体动力破坏；基于浅部煤体动力破坏发生机制提出孤岛型短煤柱工作面“坚硬顶煤注水预裂”+“增加割煤高度降低推进速度”+“提高超前支架额定阻力和扩大超前支护范围”的综合防治措施，可有效提高坚硬顶板控制效果，减少煤体动力破坏现象的发生。

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	王兆会
	程占博

关键词 ：采矿工程, 孤岛工作面, 坚硬顶板, 控制措施

Abstract：Stress concentration in hard coal seam and complicated roof boundary condition make it，referring to dynamic failure of the surrounding rock，easy to happen in ultra short island mining face with hard roof. For improving surrounding rock controlling condition in this kind of mining face，hard roof fracturing form，surrounding rock dynamic failure mechanism and its controlling measures were studied with field observation and theoretical analysis methods. The result shows that：fracturing of the main hard roof in advancing direction belongs to class II “O-X” failure form and only triangle broken block of the main roof affects mine pressure appearance intensity which means coal seam bears high static load and low dynamic load during the periodic weighting of the mining face. Local dynamic failure of the shallow coal body is main abnormal mining pressure appearance while intensive rock burst is unlikely to happen in short island working face. Dynamic failure of the coal body may be induced by dynamic impact of the hard roof，instability of the lateral main roof structure and dramatic horizontal principal stress relief induced by quick advancing speed. Finally，comprehensive measures including “pre-hydraulic fracturing of the hard top-coal”+”increasing cutting height and decreasing advancing speed“+”improving fore-poling support carrying capacity and extending fore-poling scale”were applied in 412 ultra-short island working face and dynamic failure phenomenon of the surrounding rock is controlled effectively.

Key words： mining engineering island working face hard roof controlling measure

引用本文:

王兆会，程占博. “两硬”条件下孤岛型短煤柱工作面顶板破断形态及灾害防治分析[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2016, 35(S2): 4018-4028.
WANG Zhaohui，CHENG Zhanbo. Hard roof fracturing form and dynamic disaster control in short island mining face. , 2016, 35(S2): 4018-4028.

链接本文:

https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2015.1571 或 https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2016/V35/IS2/4018

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