Abstract：The two-dimensional computation models have been built by using the ADINA finite element program. Examples of seepage tunnels of shallow and surrounding soft rock of portal section of three-holes frame constructions are presented；and numerical analyses of the ground deformation response caused by tunnel excavation have been conducted under the condition of no support，grouting，pipe roof and grouting with pipe-roof，respectively. The minimum ground settlement is caused by grouting with pipe-roof，followed by pipe roof support and grouting support. The deformations of pipe roof and ground settlements caused by tunnel excavation are monitored in field and have been effectively controlled. The research results reveal that support effect of grouting with pipe-roof is very good in shallow soft stratum. Based on the theory of numerical calculation，the application of grouting with pipe-roof to shallow soft stratum is feasible. The validity and reliability of pipe-roof grouting are verified.
贾金青，王海涛，涂兵雄，等.管棚力学行为的解析分析与现场测试[J].岩土力学，2010，31(6)：1858-1864.(JIA Jinqing，WANG Haitao，TU Bingxiong，et al.Analytical approach and field monitoring for mechanical behaviors of pipe roof reinforcement[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics，2010，31(6)：1858-1864.(in Chinese))
[2]
梁庆国，李德武. 对岩土工程有限元强度折减法的几点思考[J]. 岩土力学，2008，29(11)：3 053-3 058.(LIANG Qingguo，LI Dewu. Discussion on strength reduction FEM in geotechnical engineering[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics，2008，29(11)：3 053-3 058.(in Chinese))
[3]
王海涛. 隧道管棚预支护体系的力学机制与开挖面稳定性研究[博士学位论文][D]. 大连：大连理工大学 2009.(WANG Haitao. Research onmechanism of pipe roof reinforcement and tunnel face stability[Ph. D. Thesis][D]. Dalian：Dalian University of Technology，2009.(in Chinese))
[4]
OCAKI. Control ofsurface settlements with umbrella arch method in second stage excavations of Istanbul Metro[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology，2008，23(6)：674-681.
[5]
CHUNGSIKY.Finite-element analysis of tunnel face reinforced by longitudinal pipes[J]. Computers and Geotechnics，2002，29(1)：73-94.
[6]
XU L S，SUN J. Numerical simulation of dynamic emulation on CRD construction process in Yangpeng tunnel[J]. Journal of Geological Hazards and Environment Preservation，2001，12(1)：58-63.
[7]
BORMS B B，BENNEMRARK H. Stability of clay at vertical openings[J]. Journal of the Soil Mechanics and Foundations Division，1967，93(1)：71-94.
[8]
LECA E，DORMIEUX L . Upper and lower bound solutions for the face stability of shallow circular tunnels in frictional material[J]. Geotechnique，1990，40(4)：581-606.
[9]
JUNEJA A，HEGDE A，LEE F H，et al. Centrifuge modelling of tunnel face reinforcement using forepoling[J]. Tunnelling and UndergroundSpace Technology，2010，25(4)：377-381.
[10]
SHIN J H，CHOI Y K，KWON O Y，et al. Model testing for pipe-reinforced tunnel heading in a granular soil[J]. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology，2008，23(3)：241-250.
[11]
李健，谭忠盛，喻渝，等. 浅埋下穿高速公路黄土隧道管棚变形监测及受力机制分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报，2011，30(增1)：3002-3008.(LI Jian，TAN Zhongsheng，YU Yu，et al.Analysis of deformation monitoring and mechanical behaviors of big pipe-roof for shallow-buried large-span tunnel to underpass highway[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering，2011，30(Supp.1)：3002-3008.(in Chinese))
[12]
苟德明，阳军生，张 戈. 浅埋暗挖隧道管棚变形监测及受力机制分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报，2007，26(6)：1 258-1 264.(GOU Deming，YANG Junsheng，ZHANG Ge.Deformationmonitoring and mechanical behaviors of pipe-roof in shallow tunnels[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2007，26(6)：1 258- 1 264.(in Chinese))
[13]
李 超. 浅埋暗挖隧道管棚作用机制及施工过程三维数值模拟[硕士学位论文][D]. 天津：天津大学，2010.(LI Chao.Mechanism of pipe-roof in shallow tunnels and 3D numerical simulation of construction procession[M. S. Thesis][D]. Tianjin：Tianjin University，2010.(in Chinese))
[14]
中华人民共和国行业标准编写组. JTG F60—2009公路隧道施工技术规范[S]. 北京：人民交通出版社，2009.(The Professional Standards Compilation Group of People¢s Republic of China. JTG F60—2009 Technical specifications for construction of highway tunnel[S]. Beijing：China Communications Press，2009.(in Chinese))
2013, Vol. 32 
