基于修正能量框架的岩石脆性指数及其在循环侵水–围压耦合作用下的演化规律

doi:10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2026.0097

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摘要岩石脆性是影响岩体结构在复杂水力作用下破坏模式的关键力学参数。为了量化循环侵水作用下岩石脆性的演化规律，建立一种改进的能量计算模型，并基于能量演化理论构建了峰值前、峰值后以及变形全过程的脆性指数。提出一种综合脆性指数（BI），通过4种典型岩石（闪长岩、大理岩、砂岩和泥岩）的单轴压缩试验验证指数的可靠性。为探讨脆性指数的适用性，对经历不同循环侵水作用后的黄砂岩进行不同围压的三轴压缩试验。研究结果表明：（1）对比BI与已有脆性指数发现，BI对于典型岩石的脆性预测结果趋势一致，说明该指数能准确反映岩石脆性；（2）循环侵水导致砂岩力学性能出现渐进劣化，峰值应力下降5.1%～12.0%，残余强度降低15.6%～25.0%，损伤演化呈现S型三阶段模式；（3）循环侵水作用显著降低了砂岩脆性，而围压对砂岩脆性表现出明显的双阶段调节效应，在低围压条件（0～10 MPa）下增强脆性，在较高围压条件（10～15 MPa）下则降低脆性。该研究结果对于理解涉水岩石工程的渐进破坏机制具有重要意义，可为库岸边坡、地下洞室等结构的稳定性评估提供理论依据与潜在应用。

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	闫玉水1
	2
	张润昌1
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	秦哲1
	2*
	韩继欢1
	2
	殷照婷1
	2

关键词 ：岩石力学, 脆性指数, 循环侵水, 三轴压缩, 能量演化, 岩石损伤

Abstract：Rock brittleness is a key mechanical parameter that affects the failure mode of rock mass structures under complex hydraulic action. To quantify the evolution law of rock brittleness under cyclic water intrusion, this study establishes an improved energy calculation model and, based on energy evolution theory, constructs brittleness indices for the pre-peak, post-peak, and the entire deformation processes. A comprehensive brittleness index (BI) is proposed, and its reliability is validated through uniaxial compression tests on four typical rocks (diorite, marble, sandstone, and mudstone). To explore the applicability of the brittleness index, triaxial compression tests under different confining pressures were conducted on yellow sandstone subjected to different cyclic water intrusions. The research results indicate that: (1) Comparing the comprehensive brittleness index (BI) with existing brittleness indices reveals that the brittleness prediction results for typical rocks show a consistent trend, indicating that this index can accurately reflect rock brittleness; (2) Cyclic water intrusion leads to progressive deterioration in the mechanical properties of sandstone, with the peak stress decreasing by 5.1%-12.0% and the residual strength decreasing by 15.6%-25.0%, and the damage evolution exhibits an S-shaped three-stage pattern; (3) Cyclic water intrusion significantly reduces sandstone brittleness, whereas confining pressure demonstrates an obvious dual-stage regulatory effect on sandstone brittleness, enhancing brittleness under low confining pressure conditions (0-10 MPa) and reducing brittleness under higher confining pressure conditions (10-15 MPa). The results of this study are of great significance for understanding the progressive failure mechanisms of water-involved rock engineering, and can provide a theoretical basis and potential applications for the stability assessment of structures such as reservoir bank slopes and underground caverns.

Key words： rock mechanics brittleness index cyclic water intrusion triaxial compression energy evolution rock damage

引用本文:

闫玉水1，2，张润昌1，2，秦哲1，2*，韩继欢1，2，殷照婷1，2. 基于修正能量框架的岩石脆性指数及其在循环侵水–围压耦合作用下的演化规律[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2026, 45(11): 3355-3371.
YAN Yushui1, 2, ZHANG Runchang1, 2, QIN Zhe1, 2*, HAN Jihuan1, 2, YIN Zhaoting1, 2. A rock brittleness index based on a modified energy framework and its evolution under the coupled effect of cyclic water intrusion and confining pressure. , 2026, 45(11): 3355-3371.

链接本文:

https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2026.0097 或 https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2026/V45/I11/3355

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