三轴压缩分级卸荷条件下粉砂岩蠕变特性及蠕变模型

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摘要针对深井巷道开挖卸载围岩蠕变特性问题，以袁店二矿西风井马头门巷道粉砂岩为研究对象，基于巷道围岩开挖过程中应力的实际调整路径设定试验加载方式，开展三轴压缩分级卸荷蠕变试验，系统分析粉砂岩在不同围压下的蠕变特性，基于分数阶导数引入黏塑性蠕变启动元件，建立粉砂岩卸荷蠕变模型，并得到试验验证。研究表明：当应力水平低于粉砂岩准破坏应力时，其只呈现衰减和稳态2个蠕变阶段；高于粉砂岩准破坏应力时，则进入非线性加速蠕变阶段直至发生破坏；不同初始围压下粉砂岩发生蠕变破坏的总时长以及非线性加速蠕变破坏的启动时间均明显不同；粉砂岩试样轴向蠕变变形与初始围压正相关。研究提出的蠕变模型具有参数相对较少，易于引入数值分析软件等优点。对今后分析该类岩层井巷施工卸载后围岩稳定性具有一定的应用价值。

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	周瑞鹤1
	程桦1
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	蔡海兵1
	王晓健1
	郭龙辉1

关键词 ：岩石力学, 粉砂岩, 卸荷蠕变, 蠕变特性, 分数阶, 蠕变模型

Abstract：Aiming at the creep characteristics of surrounding rock during excavation of deep mine roadways and taking the siltstone in the ingate roadway of the west ventilation shaft in Yuandian No. 2 coal mine as the research object，triaxial compression and graded unloading creep test was carried out by setting the loading mode according to the actual adjustment path of stress in the process of roadway surrounding rock excavation，and the creep characteristics of siltstone under different confining pressures were systematically analyzed. An unloading creep model of siltstone was established by introducing viscoplastic creep starting element based on fractional derivative and verified by the experiment results. The results show that when the stress level is lower than the quasi-failure stress of siltstone，siltstone only presents two creep stages such as attenuation and steady states. When the stress level is higher than the quasi-failure stress of siltstone，siltstone enters the stage of nonlinear accelerated creep until failure occurs. Under different initial confining pressures，the total time of creep failure and the start-up time of nonlinear accelerated creep failure of siltstone are obviously different. The axial creep deformation of siltstone samples is positively correlated with the initial confining pressure. The proposed creep model has the advantages of relatively few parameters and easy introduction in numerical analysis software. The research has certain application value for analyzing the stability of surrounding rock after unloading in siltstone roadway construction in the future.

Key words： rock mechanics siltstone unloading creep creep characteristics fractional order creep model

引用本文:

周瑞鹤1，程桦1，2，蔡海兵1，王晓健1，郭龙辉1. 三轴压缩分级卸荷条件下粉砂岩蠕变特性及蠕变模型[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2022, 41(6): 1136-1147.
ZHOU Ruihe1，CHENG Hua1，2，CAI Haibing1，WANG Xiaojian1，GUO Longhui1. Creep characteristics and creep model of siltstone under triaxial#br# compression and graded unloading. , 2022, 41(6): 1136-1147.

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http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2022/V41/I6/1136

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