页岩平行/垂直层理剪切裂缝导流特性对比研究

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2023.0439

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摘要在页岩气开采过程中，储层中的剪切裂缝作为重要的渗流通道，受页岩层理方向的影响，表现出不同的导流特性。为揭示层理对页岩剪切裂缝导流特性的具体影响，选取中国重庆涪陵地区龙马溪组页岩，制作平行层理与垂直层理2个方向的剪切裂缝，采用三维形貌扫描仪对裂缝表面进行表征，分析裂缝初始形貌与机械开度，采用煤岩三轴流变实验系统开展不同有效应力下的气体导流实验，分析裂缝导流特性。研究结果表明：垂直剪切裂缝表面具有较大的粗糙度、较大的开度分布标准差、较多的小开度裂缝(＜200 )等特征；在有效应力较低时(＜8 MPa)，垂直剪切裂缝的等效水力开度(17～100 )高于平行剪切裂缝(22～66 )，此时垂直剪切的导流能力更强，随着有效应力的增加，平行剪切裂缝具有更强的导流能力；相较于平行剪切裂缝的临界雷诺数(4.2～8.5)，垂直剪切裂缝的临界雷诺数(3.1～15.6)整体较大，在相同条件下更不易发生非线性流动，对裂缝的气体流态分析也表明垂直剪切裂缝中同时存在层流、过渡流和紊流，而平行剪切裂缝中只存在过渡流和紊流。

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	卢义玉1
	2
	赵贵林1
	2
	汤积仁1
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	贾云中1
	2
	陈罗1
	2
	成其1
	2
	刘彦麟1
	2

关键词 ：岩石力学, 页岩层理, 剪切裂缝, 裂缝开度, 导流能力, 气体流态

Abstract：In shale gas extraction，shear fractures in the reservoir serve as critical seepage channels and show different inflow characteristics depending on the direction of shale stratification. To investigate the influence of laminations on the conductive properties of shale shear fractures，shear fractures with parallel and perpendicular laminations were created in the Longmaxi Formation shale in the Fuling area of Chongqing，China. The surface of the fractures was characterized using a three-dimensional morphology scanner to analyze their initial morphology and mechanical openness. Gas conduction experiments were conducted under different effective stresses using a three-axis rheological experimental system to analyze the conductive properties of the fractures. The results show that vertical shear fractures have a rougher surface，a larger standard deviation of the opening distribution，and more small opening fractures(＜200 ). When the effective stress is lower(＜8 MPa)，the equivalent hydraulic openings of vertical shear fractures(17–100 ) are higher than those of parallel shear fractures(22–66 )，indicating that vertical shear fractures have a stronger flow-conducting ability. As the effective stress increases，parallel shear fractures exhibit higher flow-conducting ability than vertical shear fractures. The parallel shear fracture also demonstrates stronger flow conductivity with increasing effective stress. The critical Reynolds number of the vertical shear fracture(3.1–15.6) is larger than that of the parallel shear fracture(4.2–8.5)，making it less likely to occur under the same conditions of nonlinear flow. Gas flow analysis reveals that vertical shear fractures exhibit laminar，transitional，and turbulent flows，while parallel shear fractures only exhibit transitional and turbulent flows.

Key words： rock mechanics shale laminae shear fractures fracture opening infusion ability gas flow patter

引用本文:

卢义玉1，2，赵贵林1，2，汤积仁1，2，贾云中1，2，陈罗1，2，成其1，2，刘彦麟1，2. 页岩平行/垂直层理剪切裂缝导流特性对比研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2024, 43(2): 298-207.
LU Yiyu1，2，ZHAO Guilin1，2，TANG Jiren1，2，JIA Yunzhong1，2，CHEN Luo1，2，CHENG Qi1，2，LIU Yanlin1，2. Comparative study of shale parallel/vertical laminar shear fracture inflow characteristics. , 2024, 43(2): 298-207.

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http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2023.0439 或 http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2024/V43/I2/298

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