基于位移协调系数指标的不同岩性岩石失稳前兆特征研究

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2023.0271

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摘要基于有限位移信息，研究识别和捕捉岩石失稳前的有效短临前兆方法对于推动岩体动力灾害的成功预测具有重大研究和现实意义。为研究不同岩性岩石失稳前的位移前兆特征，对紫红砂岩、粗黄砂岩、烟煤、大理岩、花岗岩和玄武岩6种不同岩性岩石试样开展了单轴压缩破坏试验，通过对试样加载过程中的表面位移和内部声发射信号进行监测，研究岩石失稳前的表面变形信息特征，进一步提出岩石失稳前兆–位移协调系数指标(DCC)。研究表明：DCC可以捕捉岩石失稳的前兆信息，该指标异常突增现象是岩石失稳的一种重要前兆特征；对于不同岩性岩石，DCC异常突变点出现在峰值应力95%～99%处，是岩石失稳的一种短临前兆指标。与声发射参数相比，DCC可以利用表面变形信息，在岩石失稳前实时正向定量捕捉和识别不同岩性岩石破坏失稳前兆信息。研究结果可为岩石失稳破坏的前兆分析和预测提供新的有益参考。

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	沈永星1
	冯增朝1
	周动2

关键词 ：岩石力学, 不同岩性, 岩石失稳前兆, 变异系数, 位移协调系数指标

Abstract：Investigating effective short-term precursor methods to identify and capture events preceding rock instability based on limited displacement information is of significant research and practical importance for successfully predicting dynamic hazards in rock masses. To explore displacement precursors preceding instability in different lithologies，this study conducted uniaxial compression tests on six types of rocks：purple sandstone，coarse-grained sandstone，bituminous coal，marble，granite，and basalt. By monitoring surface displacements and internal acoustic emission signals during sample loading，the study examined surface deformation characteristics preceding rock instability，introducing the Rock Instability Precursor-Displacement Coordination Coefficient(DCC). The results indicate that DCC can capture precursor information leading to rock instability，with a sharp increase observed as a crucial precursor feature. For various rock types，the anomalous point of DCC appears at 95%–99% of the peak stress，serving as a short-term precursor indicator for rock instability. In comparison to acoustic emission parameters，DCC utilizes surface deformation information to real-time，quantitatively capture and identify precursor information before the instability of different rock types. The findings provide valuable insights for the precursor analysis and prediction of rock instability and failure.

Key words： rock mechanics different lithologys precursors of rock instability coefficient of variation displacement coordination coefficient

引用本文:

沈永星1，冯增朝1，周动2. 基于位移协调系数指标的不同岩性岩石失稳前兆特征研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2024, 43(S2): 3738-3747.
SHEN Yongxing1，FENG Zengchao1，ZHOU Dong2. Study on precursor characteristics of rock instability in different rock types based on displacement coordination coefficient indices. , 2024, 43(S2): 3738-3747.

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https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2023.0271 或 https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2024/V43/IS2/3738

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