(1. State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection，Chengdu University of Technology，Chengdu，Sichuan 610059，China；2. College of Water Resource and Hydropower，Sichuan University，
Chengdu，Sichuan 610065，China)
Abstract：Toppling and flexural failure are prevalent modes of destabilization in anti-dip rock slopes，with toppling deformation potentially leading to multi-stage fractures within the slope mass. To investigate this phenomenon，a comprehensive study was conducted utilizing large-scale centrifuge model tests to analyze the catastrophic characteristics of flexural toppling and multi-stage fractures. Furthermore，a predictive model for multi-stage fractures was established based on catastrophe theory，and its rationality was validated. The research findings reveal that the process of toppling deformation in anti-dip rock slopes involves the accumulation of strain energy，which is subsequently released through fracture and failure. According to the catastrophic characteristics observed，anti-dip slopes undergoing multi-stage fractures can be categorized into distinct zones：a non-affected zone，an overlapping toppling zone，a zone influenced by gently inclined structural planes，and a deformation zone. Within the overlapping toppling zone，the depth of multi-stage fractures progressively increases，whereas in the zone influenced by gently inclined structural planes，the fracture planes generally align with these structural planes. By applying catastrophe theory to analyze the multi-stage fracture depth within the overlapping toppling zone，the computational results concurred with those obtained from the centrifuge tests. These research outcomes provide theoretical underpinnings for understanding the stability and failure mechanisms of such slopes，offering valuable insights into their behavior and potential for mitigation strategies.
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2024, Vol. 43 
