硬性结构面剪切全过程形貌接触演化特征研究

doi:10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2024.1012

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摘要岩石结构面剪切过程通常被视为一个“黑箱”问题，现有试验方法难以直接描述其表面形貌接触演化特征。采用高透明Veroclear材料和高精度3D打印技术，制备与泥灰岩力学性质相似的天然形貌透明结构面试样，并对其开展不同法向应力和剪切速率条件下的可视化直剪试验。结果表明：（1）结构面剪切初始阶段的接触主要集中在中心位置，随着法向应力增加，接触区域逐渐增大，其分布由中心向边缘呈放射状扩展。相比初始接触区域，剪切过程中形成的新增接触区域较少，主要集中在边缘位置。不同剪切阶段下新增接触分布各不相同。（2）剪切速率的变化对结构面微凸体的接触方式具有显著影响。在较低剪切速率下，微凸体间接触的持续时间较长，接触区域的压实和扩展较充分，而在较高剪切速率下，剪切过程中接触时间缩短，微凸体间接触模式逐渐由滑移主导转变为局部的瞬态接触。（3）通过分析初始接触区域和新增接触区域对应微凸体的接触角变化规律发现，初始接触角与峰值剪胀角密切相关，在此基础上提出初始接触角量化表征方法用于估算结构面峰值抗剪强度。上述结论可为进一步理解结构面剪切力学机制提供参考。

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	黄曼1
	2
	陈嘉龙1
	2
	翁寒倩3
	洪陈杰3
	陶志刚3
	张贺1
	2

关键词 ：岩石力学, 结构面, 直剪试验, 法向应力, 剪切速率, 接触演化特征

Abstract： The shear behavior of rock joints is often considered a “black box” problem, as current experimental methods are inadequate for directly capturing the evolution of surface morphology and contact characteristics. In this study, transparent joint specimens exhibiting natural surface morphology and mechanical properties akin to marlstone are fabricated using high-transparency Veroclear material and advanced 3D printing technology. Visualized direct shear tests are subsequently conducted under varying normal stresses and shear rates. The results reveal that: (1) in the initial shear stage, contact is predominantly concentrated at the center of the joint surface. As normal stress increases, the contact area gradually expands, radiating outward from the center toward the edges. Compared to the initial contact area, the newly formed contact area during shearing is relatively small and primarily located near the edges, with its distribution varying across different stages of the shear process. (2) The shear rate significantly influences the contact behavior of the joint asperities. At lower shear rates, the extended contact duration between asperities facilitates greater compaction and an increase in the contact area. Conversely, at higher shear rates, the contact time is reduced, and the contact mode between asperities transitions from slip-dominated to localized transient contact. (3) An analysis of the variation in contact angles of asperities corresponding to both the initial and newly formed contact areas indicates that the initial contact angle is closely linked to the peak dilation angle. Based on this relationship, a method for quantifying the initial contact angle is proposed to estimate the shear strength of rock joints. These conclusions provide valuable insights for a deeper understanding of the shear mechanism of rock joints.

Key words： rock mechanics joint direct shear test normal stress shear rate contact evolution

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引用本文:

黄曼1，2，陈嘉龙1，2，翁寒倩3，洪陈杰3，陶志刚3，张贺1，2. 硬性结构面剪切全过程形貌接触演化特征研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2025, 44(8): 2029-2039.
HUANG Man1, 2, CHEN Jialong1, 2, WENG Hanqian3, HONG Chenjie3, TAO Zhigang3, ZHANG He1, 2. Contact evolution of hard joint surface morphology during shearing process. , 2025, 44(8): 2029-2039.

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https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2024.1012 或 https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2025/V44/I8/2029

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