考虑地应力瞬态卸荷低频放大效应的深埋隧洞爆破开挖振动安全评估

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2017.0650

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摘要

深埋隧洞爆破开挖过程中，爆炸荷载和地应力瞬态卸荷耦合作用产生的高、低双频带振动往往会威胁邻近建筑物的安全，而传统的振动安全评估常常忽视地应力瞬态卸荷低频放大效应的影响。首先采用时能密度、幅值谱和滤波分析方法，研究瀑布沟水电站地下主厂房开挖爆炸荷载和瞬态卸荷耦合作用下本邻洞的振动频谱特征；然后基于结构动力响应分析，讨论隐藏于耦合振动波形中的瞬态卸荷诱发振动的低频放大效应；最后结合质点峰值速度和振动频率双重指标，评估隧洞爆破开挖围岩的安全性。研究结果表明：本洞中爆炸荷载产生的振动峰值明显大于瞬态卸荷诱发的振动峰值，邻洞中二者分布规律相反；爆炸荷载产生的振动以高频为主，主频区间65～135 Hz，平均主频96 Hz，瞬态卸荷诱发的振动以低频为主，主频区间20～60 Hz，平均主频46 Hz；瞬态卸荷诱发振动的频率较低，更加接近花岗岩固有频率37 Hz，易产生共振，振幅放大系数达到1.72；当地应力水平较高，达到70 MPa量级时，地应力瞬态卸荷低频放大效应会导致围岩不安全区域从6.0 m显著扩大至20.1 m。研究成果可以为类似深埋隧洞爆破开挖振动安全评估提供参考和借鉴。

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	范勇1
	2
	3
	王奋1
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	卢文波3
	王峰1
	2
	何卫平1
	2
	严鹏3
	冷振东3

关键词 ：隧道工程, 深埋隧洞, 爆破开挖, 瞬态卸荷, 频谱特征, 低频放大效应, 安全评估

Abstract：

During drilling and blasting excavation of deep tunnel，high and low dual-frequency band vibration generated by coupling action of blasting load and transient unloading of in-situ stress will endanger safety of adjacent buildings，but low-frequency amplification effect of transient unloading of in-situ stress is usually ignored in traditional vibration safety evaluation. Firstly，excavation of main underground powerhouse in Pubugou hydropower station as background，vibration spectrum characteristics of hole and adjacent tunnel under coupling action of blasting load and transient unloading were studied by time-energy density，amplitude spectrum and filter analysis method. Then，based on dynamic response analysis of structure，low-frequency amplification effect of transient unloading induced vibration hidden in coupling vibration waveform was discussed. Finally，combined with double index of peak value of particle vibration and vibration frequency，safety of tunnel blasting excavation surrounding rock was evaluated. The results showed that peak value of vibration caused by blasting load is obviously larger than that induced by transient unloading of in-situ stress in hole，distribution law is opposite in adjacent tunnel. Vibration produced by blasting load is mainly high frequency，main frequency range 65–135 Hz，with an average frequency of 96 Hz，but vibration induced by transient unloading is mainly low frequency，main frequency range 20–60 Hz，with an average frequency of 46 Hz. Frequency of transient unloading induced vibration is lower and closer to granite natural frequency of 37 Hz，it is easy to produce resonance，the amplitude magnification reaches 1.72. When in-situ stress level is higher，reaching 70 MPa magnitude，low-frequency amplification effect of transient unloading of in-situ stress results in unsafe zone of surrounding rock expanding significantly from 6.0 m to 20.1 m. The research results can provide a reference for vibration safety evaluation of deep tunnel blasting excavation.

Key words： tunnelling engineering deep tunnel blasting excavation transient unloading spectrum characteristics low-frequency amplification effect safety evaluation

引用本文:

范勇1，2，3，王奋1，2，4，卢文波3，王峰1，2，何卫平1，2，严鹏3，冷振东3. 考虑地应力瞬态卸荷低频放大效应的深埋隧洞爆破开挖振动安全评估[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2018, 37(S2): 4184-4197.
FAN Yong1，2，3，WANG Fen1，2，4，LU Wenbo3，WANG Feng1，2，HE Weiping1，2，YAN Peng3，LENG Zhendong3. Safety evaluation of deep tunnel blasting excavation vibration considering low-frequency amplification effect of transient unloading of in-situ stress. , 2018, 37(S2): 4184-4197.

链接本文:

https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2017.0650 或 https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2018/V37/IS2/4184

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