锁固型斜坡解锁失稳机制的室内模型试验与数值分析

doi:10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2024.0821

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摘要锁固型斜坡破坏失稳以其启动速度快、突发性强、危害严重等特点著称于世，开展其解锁机制研究具有重要的现实意义和迫切的社会需求。以典型锁固型斜坡查纳滑坡为地质原型，利用相似材料构建锁固型斜坡物理模型，采用缓慢梯级加载方式开展锁固型斜坡破坏失稳物理模型试验；借助FLAC3D平台构建锁固型斜坡数值模型，采用强度折减法开展锁固型斜坡破坏失稳数值模拟试验；结合物理模拟和数值模拟试验结果，分析斜坡破坏失稳模式，揭示斜坡解锁机制。从锁固段概念出发，提出物理模型试验中基于应变集中区的锁固区域识别方法，据此分析锁固段损伤演化规律。利用FLAC3D内置的Fish语言编写声发射函数，并对锁固段所在位置进行区域遍历，分析斜坡失稳过程中锁固段声发射演化特征，提出锁固段损伤过程中特征应力的有效识别方法，划分锁固型斜坡失稳演化阶段。在此基础上，应用锁固型斜坡失稳临界位移准则，回溯性预测查纳滑坡失稳过程，预测效果良好。研究成果有助于加深锁固型斜坡失稳机制的认识，提高预测水平。

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	杨百存1
	关星凡1
	郭安2
	王志鹏1
	赵杰1
	张耀义1

关键词 ：边坡工程, 锁固段, 损伤演化, 解锁机制, 物理模拟, 数值模拟, 临界位移准则

Abstract：The failure and instability of locked-segment-type slopes are characterized by their rapid onset，unpredictability，and significant consequences. It is of great practical significance and an urgent social requirement to reveal the unlocked mechanism of such slopes. This study utilizes the Chana landslide as a geological prototype of a typical locked-segment-type slope. A physical model of locked-segment-type slopes is constructed using analogous materials，and the failure and instability processes of the physical model are conducted under gradual step-loading conditions. Furthermore，a numerical model of locked-segment-type slopes is established using the FLAC3D software platform，and its failure and instability processes are simulated through the strength reduction method. Based on the results from both physical and numerical simulations，the failure and instability modes of the locked-segment-type slope are analyzed，and its unlocked mechanism is finally revealed. According to the concept of the locked segment，an identification method for the locked zone is proposed，based on the strain concentration area observed in the physical simulation tests. Additionally，the damage evolution of the locked segment is analyzed. Utilizing the Fish programming language integrated within FLAC3D，an acoustic emission(AE) acquisition program is developed to monitor the locked segment area，and the AE evolution characteristics during slope instability are analyzed. Based on the simulation results，an effective identification method for characteristic stress during locked segment damage is proposed，and the evolution stages of slope instability are then divided. Subsequenly，the critical displacement criterion for the instability of the locked segment is employed to retroactively predict the instability process of the Chana landslide，achieving favorable predictive outcomes. The findings enhance our understanding of the instability mechanisms and improve the instability prediction capabilities for locked-segment-type slopes.

Key words： slope engineering locked segment damage evolution unlocked mechanism physical simulation numerical simulation critical displacement criterion

引用本文:

杨百存1，关星凡1，郭安2，王志鹏1，赵杰1，张耀义1. 锁固型斜坡解锁失稳机制的室内模型试验与数值分析[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2025, 44(5): 1122-1132.
YANG Baicun1，GUAN Xingfan1，GUO An2，WANG Zhipeng1，ZHAO Jie1，ZHANG Yaoyi1. Laboratory model test and numerical analysis of the unlocked and instability mechanism of locked-segment-type slopes. , 2025, 44(5): 1122-1132.

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https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2024.0821 或 https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2025/V44/I5/1122

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