Progress and prospects of thermo-hydro-mechanical characteristics of low temperature rock mass with phase transition
LIU Naifei1，2，3，4，LI Ning2，WANG Shuangjie4，SONG Zhanping1，3，WANG Liping2，3，XU Shuanhai5
(1. School of Civil Engineering，Xi?an University of Architecture and Technology，Xi?an，Shaanxi 710055，China；2. Institute of Geotechnical Engineering，Xi?an University of Technology，Xi?an，Shaanxi 710048，China；3. Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Geotechnical and Underground Space Engineering，Xi?an，Shaanxi 710055，China；4. Post-Doctoral Research Center，
CCCC First Highway Consultants Co.，Ltd.，Xi?an，Shaanxi 710075，China；5. Xi?an Research Institute，
CCTEG，Xi?an，Shaanxi 710077，China)
Abstract：The fractures make the thermal-hydro-mechanical(THM) characteristics of rock mass and soil mass obviously different，and the existing frozen soil theory is difficult to solve the freeze-thaw disaster problem of low temperature rock mass. The migration mechanism of fracture water，the heat transfer mechanism of fracture，the dynamic evolution of fracture characteristics and the multi-field coupling of thermal-hydro-mechanical in heterogeneous rock mass are the key to study the freeze-thaw disaster of low-temperature rock mass. In this paper，the research progress of low-temperature rock mass with phase change is analyzed from four aspects： water migration mechanism，heat and mass transport characteristics，physical and mechanical characteristics and THM coupling characteristics. The research results on low-temperature rock mass at home and abroad are abundant，but the heterogeneity caused by fractures and the special characteristics of the THM properties of fractures under the condition of phase change are not fully considered. The mechanism of hydrothermal migration in fracture of low-temperature rock mass has not been proved，and there is lack of large-scale test equipment for studying the THM characteristics of low-temperature fractured rock mass. Although the fracture propagation caused by frost heave has been studied，the dynamic fracture evolution equation considering the whole process of freeze-thaw and the freeze-thaw cycle has not been established. The freeze-thaw disaster of low-temperature rock mass involves hydrothermal migration at the micro-level，fracture evolution at the meso-level and deformation and failure at the macro-level. So far，no THM coupling model has been established which integrates the results of micro-meso- macro. In order to explore the THM characteristics of low-temperature rock mass，the ice-water phase should be taken as the breakthrough point，the discontinuous characteristics caused by fractures should be closely linked，large-scale laboratory equipment should be developed，the mechanism of hydrothermal migration in fractures should be verified，the fracture evolution equation should be derived，the THM coupling model should be constructed，and numerical simulation programs should be developed，to finally realize the simulation of freeze-thaw disasters in low-temperature rock mass.
刘乃飞1，2，3，4，李 宁2，汪双杰4，宋战平1，3，王莉平2，3，徐拴海5. 含相变低温岩体水–热–力特性研究进展与展望[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2025, 44(3): 521-542.
LIU Naifei1，2，3，4，LI Ning2，WANG Shuangjie4，SONG Zhanping1，3，WANG Liping2，3，XU Shuanhai5. Progress and prospects of thermo-hydro-mechanical characteristics of low temperature rock mass with phase transition. , 2025, 44(3): 521-542.
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2025, Vol. 44 
