含相变低温岩体水–热–力特性研究进展与展望

doi:10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2024.0591

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摘要裂隙使得岩体和土体的水热力特性明显不同，现有冻土理论难以解决低温岩体工程的冻融灾害问题。冻融过程中裂隙水的迁移机制、裂隙部位的传热机制、裂隙参数的动态演化以及非均质岩体水–热–力多场耦合作用是研究低温岩体冻融灾害的关键。从低温岩体水分迁移特性、热质传输特性、物理力学特性和水–热–力耦合特性4个方面分析了含相变低温岩体的研究进展。国内外在低温岩体方面的研究成果丰硕，但未充分考虑裂隙导致的非均质性和相变条件下裂隙部位水热力性能的特殊性；尚未探明低温岩体裂隙部位的水热迁移机制，缺乏真正意义上的用于研究低温裂隙岩体水热力特性的大型试验设备；虽开展了冻胀裂隙扩展研究，但尚未建立起考虑冻融全过程以及冻融循环作用的裂隙动态演化方程；低温岩体冻融灾害涉及微观层面的水热迁移、细观层面的裂隙演化和宏观层面的变形破坏，目前尚未建立起综合微观–细观–宏观成果的水–热–力耦合模型。要探明低温岩体的水热力特性，应以冰水相变为切入点，紧扣裂隙引起的非连续特性，研发大型试验设备、探明裂隙水热迁移机制、推导裂隙演化方程、构建水–热–力耦合模型，开发数值模拟程序，最终实现对低温岩体冻融灾害的仿真模拟研究。

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	刘乃飞1
	2
	3
	4
	李宁2
	汪双杰4
	宋战平1
	3
	王莉平2
	3
	徐拴海5

关键词 ：岩石力学, 低温裂隙岩体, 冰&ndash, 水相变, 水分迁移, 热质传输, 物理力学特性, 水&ndash, 热&ndash, 力耦合

Abstract：The fractures make the thermal-hydro-mechanical(THM) characteristics of rock mass and soil mass obviously different，and the existing frozen soil theory is difficult to solve the freeze-thaw disaster problem of low temperature rock mass. The migration mechanism of fracture water，the heat transfer mechanism of fracture，the dynamic evolution of fracture characteristics and the multi-field coupling of thermal-hydro-mechanical in heterogeneous rock mass are the key to study the freeze-thaw disaster of low-temperature rock mass. In this paper，the research progress of low-temperature rock mass with phase change is analyzed from four aspects： water migration mechanism，heat and mass transport characteristics，physical and mechanical characteristics and THM coupling characteristics. The research results on low-temperature rock mass at home and abroad are abundant，but the heterogeneity caused by fractures and the special characteristics of the THM properties of fractures under the condition of phase change are not fully considered. The mechanism of hydrothermal migration in fracture of low-temperature rock mass has not been proved，and there is lack of large-scale test equipment for studying the THM characteristics of low-temperature fractured rock mass. Although the fracture propagation caused by frost heave has been studied，the dynamic fracture evolution equation considering the whole process of freeze-thaw and the freeze-thaw cycle has not been established. The freeze-thaw disaster of low-temperature rock mass involves hydrothermal migration at the micro-level，fracture evolution at the meso-level and deformation and failure at the macro-level. So far，no THM coupling model has been established which integrates the results of micro-meso- macro. In order to explore the THM characteristics of low-temperature rock mass，the ice-water phase should be taken as the breakthrough point，the discontinuous characteristics caused by fractures should be closely linked，large-scale laboratory equipment should be developed，the mechanism of hydrothermal migration in fractures should be verified，the fracture evolution equation should be derived，the THM coupling model should be constructed，and numerical simulation programs should be developed，to finally realize the simulation of freeze-thaw disasters in low-temperature rock mass.

Key words： rock mechanics low temperature fractured rock mass ice-water phase transition water migration heat and mass transfer physical and mechanical properties thermal-hydro-mechanical(THM) coupling

引用本文:

刘乃飞1，2，3，4，李宁2，汪双杰4，宋战平1，3，王莉平2，3，徐拴海5. 含相变低温岩体水–热–力特性研究进展与展望[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2025, 44(3): 521-542.
LIU Naifei1，2，3，4，LI Ning2，WANG Shuangjie4，SONG Zhanping1，3，WANG Liping2，3，XU Shuanhai5. Progress and prospects of thermo-hydro-mechanical characteristics of low temperature rock mass with phase transition. , 2025, 44(3): 521-542.

链接本文:

https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2024.0591 或 https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2025/V44/I3/521

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