基于频谱分析和卷积神经网络的岩石声发射信号定位研究

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2021.0836

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摘要众所周知，在声发射测试中，如何准确定位源位置意义重大。传统的声发射定位方法存在波速模型和到时拾取不准等问题，导致其定位精度不高。因此提出一种将频谱分析与卷积神经网络相结合，无需波速模型与到时拾取的声发射定位方法。具体而言，基于主动源声发射试验收集的声发射全波形信号，首先通过小波分析得到正方体花岗岩试样各面声发射信号的频谱分布情况，根据声发射信号的频谱差异性对声发射信号进行面源定位，将复杂的三维空间定位转化为二维平面定位；继而设计一个卷积神经网络，对各面断铅点的声发射信号进行短时傅里叶变换，将得到的同时包含时域与频域信息的信号频谱图作为卷积神经网络的输入特征，各断铅点的二维空间坐标作为输出特征，进行训练、测试和验证，对各面断铅点的声发射源进行二维定位。结果表明，布设传感器的XOZ－面平均定位误差为0.5 cm，试样两侧面YOZ+，YOZ－的平均定位误差为0.7 cm，对立面XOZ+的定位误差为1.0 cm。综上所述，研究有效提升了声发射定位精度，且规避了传统定位方法存在的不足，为岩石声发射定位提供一种新思路。

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	陈结1
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	陈紫阳1
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	蒲源源1
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关键词 ：岩石力学, 声发射, 震源定位, 卷积神经网络, 频谱分析

Abstract：As we all known，how to accurately locate the source position is of great significance in acoustic emission testing. The traditional AE localization method has some problems，such as wave velocity model and inaccurate on arrival-time picking，which brings a low localization accuracy. Therefore，a new localization method that combining spectrum analysis and convolutional neural network was developed，which don?t need the wave velocity model and the arrival-time picking for acoustic emission localization of rock. To be more specific，based on the acoustic emission full waveform signals collected by using active source acoustic emission test，we got spectral distribution of acoustic emission signals on each surface of cuboid granite sample using wavelet analysis method firstly. Then surface source positioning of acoustic emission signals was carried out，according to the spectral difference of acoustic emission signals，which cleverly transformed and the complex three-dimensional spatial positioning into two-dimensional plane positioning. At the same time，a convolutional neural network designed to transform the acoustic emission signals of the broken lead points on each surface using the short time Fourier transform. Finally，we taken the contains both time domain and frequency domain information of the signal spectrum characteristics as the convolution of the neural network input，and the two-dimensional space coordinates of the break point as the output features to train，test and verified the two-dimensional localization results of acoustic emission sources of lead points on each surface progressively. The results show that the average location errors of surface XOZ－(which attaches four transducers)，YOZ+，YOZ－，XOZ+ are 0.5 cm，0.7 cm，0.7 and 1.0 cm，respectively. To sum up，this study significantly improves the AE localization accuracy and avoids the shortcomings of traditional localization methods，which provides a new idea for rock AE localization.

Key words： rock mechanics acoustic emission source localization convolutional neural networks spectral analysis

引用本文:

陈结1，2，陈紫阳1，2，蒲源源1，2. 基于频谱分析和卷积神经网络的岩石声发射信号定位研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2022, 41(S2): 3271-3281.
CHEN Jie1，2，CHEN Ziyang1，2，PU Yuanyuan1，2. Acoustic emission source localization in rocks based on spectral analysis and convolutional neural network. , 2022, 41(S2): 3271-3281.

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http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2021.0836 或 http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2022/V41/IS2/3271

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