射孔模式对水力压裂裂缝起裂与扩展的影响机制研究

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2021.0573

摘要
图/表
参考文献
相关文章 (15)

全文: PDF (2785 KB) HTML (1 KB)
输出: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

摘要高效射孔技术为油气开发的降本增效提供重要的技术支撑。由于孔眼周围应力场分布的复杂性，以及有效的模拟研究手段较少，射孔条件下水力裂缝起裂延伸机制认识仍不明晰。首先建立一种在室内条件射孔与压裂工艺联作的实验模拟方法，实现了大尺度岩石样品(762 mm×762 mm×914 mm)的射孔与压裂模拟实验，同时通过三维离散格子模拟方法建立等尺度射孔水力裂缝起裂扩展全三维数值模型。通过物模与数模相结合研究，直观揭示不同射孔模式下的裂缝起裂规律。结果表明：受层理和地应力场影响，射孔孔眼周围的裂缝起裂形态复杂；增加射孔深度可明显降低裂缝起裂压力和延伸压力；相比螺旋射孔模式，定面射孔模式可明显降低近井区裂缝起裂形态的复杂程度，提高孔眼进液效率，裂缝延伸压力降幅可达25%，有利于后期加砂压裂的平稳性。长7储层的现场试验表明，定面射孔策略显著降低施工起裂压力和延伸压力，降幅分别为21%和14.2%，展示出了良好的应用前景。

	服务

	把本文推荐给朋友
	加入我的书架
	加入引用管理器
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	作者相关文章
	付海峰1
	2
	黄刘科3
	4
	5
	张丰收3
	4
	胥云1
	2
	才博1
	2
	梁天成1
	2
	王欣1
	2

关键词 ：岩石力学, 水力压裂, 射孔, 大尺度物模实验, 离散格子法, 裂缝起裂

Abstract：The high efficient perforation technology provides important technical support for cost reduction and efficiency increase in oil and gas development. Due to the complex distribution of stress field around the perforation holes and the absence of effective simulation methods，the initiation and propagation of hydraulic fracture for perforated fracturing are not understood clearly. This paper proposes large-scale(762 mm×762 mm×914 mm) physical experiments that simulate fracture initiation and propagation under different perforation strategies. Furthermore，a full three-dimensional numerical model based on discrete lattice method is established. Through the combination of physical experiments and numerical simulation，the geometry of fracture initiation and propagation under different perforation technologies is revealed intuitively. The results show that the fracture initiation near the wellbore is more complicated due to the effect of beddings，perforation tunnels and in situ stress field. Increasing the perforation depth obviously decreases the fracture initiation pressure and propagation pressure. Compared with spiral perforation，directional perforation significantly reduces the fracture complexity of in the near wellbore area，improves the efficiency of fluid injection for perforation holes，and decreases propagation pressure by up to 25%. Directional perforation is conducive to migration of sand-carrying fluid. Field tests on Chang 7 reservoir show that the directional perforation significantly reduces the initiation pressure by 21% and extension pressure by 14.2%，respectively，showing a good application prospect.

Key words： rock mechanics hydraulic fracturing perforation large-scale physical simulation discrete lattice method fracture initiation

引用本文:

付海峰1，2，黄刘科3，4，5，张丰收3，4，胥云1，2，才博1，2，梁天成1，2，王欣1，2. 射孔模式对水力压裂裂缝起裂与扩展的影响机制研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2021, 40(S2): 3163-3173.
FU Haifeng1，2，HUANG Liuke3，4，5，ZHANG Fengshou3，4，XU Yun1，2，CAI Bo1，2，LIANG Tiancheng1，2，WANG Xin1，2. Effect of perforation technologies on the initiation and propagation of hydraulic fracture. , 2021, 40(S2): 3163-3173.

链接本文:

http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2021.0573 或 http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2021/V40/IS2/3163

[10]	DEEG W E J. Hydraulic fracture-initiation in deviated or horizontal openhole wellbores[C]// SPE/ISRM Rock Mechanics in Petroleum Engineering. [S. l.]：Society of Petroleum Engineers，1998：47386.
[13]	尚希涛，何顺利，刘广峰. 水平井分段压裂破裂压力计算[J]. 石油钻采工艺，2009，31(2)：96-100.(SHANG Xitao，HE Shunli，LIU Guangfeng. Breakdown pressure calculation of staged fracturing for horizontal wells[J]. Oil Drilling and Production Technology，2009，31(2)：96-100.(in Chinese))
[15]	王海洋，卢义玉，夏彬伟，等. 射孔水压裂缝在层状页岩的扩展机制[J]. 中国石油大学学报：自然科学版，2018，42(2)：95-101. (WANG Haiyang，LU Yiyu，XIA Binwei，et al. Propagation mechanism of hydraulic fracture of perforation in laminated slate[J]. Journal of the University of Petroleum China，2018，42(2)：95-101. (in Chinese))
[18]	张广清，陈勉. 定向射孔水力压裂复杂裂缝形态[J]. 石油勘探与开发，2009，36(1)：103-107.(ZHANG Guangqing，CHEN Mian. Complex fracture shapes in hydraulic fracturing with oriented perforations[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development，2009，36(1)：103-107.(in Chinese))
[20]	姜浒，陈勉，张广清，等. 定向射孔对水力裂缝起裂与延伸的影响[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2009，28(7)：1 321-1 326.(JIANG Hu，CHEN Mian，ZHANG Guangqing，et al. Impact of oriented perforation on hydraulic fracture initiation and propagation[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2009，28(7)：1 321-1 326.(in Chinese))
[23]	BAI J，MARTYSEVICH V，WALTERS H，et al. Laboratory-scale hydraulic fracturing：experiment and numerical modeling[C]// 50th US Rock Mechanics/Geomechanics Symposium. [S. l.]：American Rock Mechanics Association，2016：123.
[25]	付海峰，张永民，王欣，等. 基于脉冲致裂储层的改造新技术研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2017，36(增2)：4 008-4 017.(FU Haifeng，ZHANG Yongming，WANG Xin，et al. New stimulation technology research based on impulse fracturing reservoir[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2017，36(Supp.2)：4 008- 4 017.(in Chinese))
[28]	侯冰，张儒鑫，刁策，等. 大斜度井水力压裂裂缝扩展模拟实验分析[J]. 中国海上油气，2016，28(5)：85-91.(HOU Bing，ZHANG Xinru，DIAO Ce，et al. Experimental study on hydraulic fracture propagation in highly deviated wells[J]. China Offshore Oil and Gas，2016，28(5)：85-91.(in Chinese))
[30]	SUAREZ-RIVERA R，BEHRMANN L A，GREEN S，et al. Defining three regions of hydraulic fracture connectivity，in unconventional reservoirs，help designing completions with improved long-term productivity[C]// SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. [S. l.]：Society of Petroleum Engineers，2013：166505.
[8]	黄荣樽. 水力压裂裂缝的起裂和扩展[J]. 石油勘探与开发，1981，8(5)：62-74.(HUANG Rongzun. The initiation and propagation of hydraulic fracture[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development，1981，8(5)：62-74.(in Chinese))
[6]	SINGH A，SORIANO L，LAL M K. Comparison of multi-stage fracture placement methods for economic learning and unconventional completion optimization：a case history[C]// SPE Hydraulic Fracturing Technology Conference and Exhibition. [S. l.]：Society of Petroleum Engineers，2017：184839.
[16]	孙峰，薛世峰，逢铭玉，等. 基于连续损伤的水平井射孔-近井筒三维破裂模拟[J]. 岩土力学，2019，40(8)：3 255-3 262.(SUN Feng，XUE Shifeng，FENG Mingyu，et al. 3D simulation of fracture growth from perforation to near-wellbore in horizontal wells based on continuum damage model[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics，2019，40(8)：3 255-3 262.(in Chinese))
[26]	侯振坤，杨春和，王磊，等. 大尺寸真三轴页岩水平井水力压裂物理模拟实验与裂缝延伸规律分析[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报，2016，37(2)：407-414.(HOU Zhenkun，YANG Chunhe，WANG Lei，et al. Hydraulic fracture propagation of shale horizontal well by large-scale true triaxial physical simulation test[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering，2016，37(2)：407-414.(in Chinese))
[33]	DAMJANAC B，CUNDALL P. Application of distinct element methods to simulation of hydraulic fracturing in naturally fractured reservoirs[J]. Computers and Geotechnics，2016，71：283-294.
[4]	MILLER C K，WATERS G A，RYLANDER E I. Evaluation of production log data from horizontal wells drilled in organic shales[C]// North American Unconventional Gas Conference and Exhibition. [S. l.]：Society of Petroleum Engineers，2011：144326.
[14]	李根生，刘丽，黄中伟，等. 水力射孔对地层破裂压力的影响研究[J].中国石油大学学报：自然科学版，2006，30(5)：42-45.(LI Gensheng，LIU Li，HUANG Zhongwei，et al.. Study of effect of hydraulic perforating on formation fracturing pressure[J]. Journal of the University of Petroleum China，2006，30(5)：42-45.(in Chinese))
[24]	WANG Y，FU H，LIANG T，et al. Large-scale physical simulation experiment research for hydraulic fracturing in shale[C]// SPE Middle East Oil and Gas Show and Conference. [S. l.]：Society of Petroleum Engineers，2015：172631.
[34]	HUANG L，LIU J，ZHANG F，et al. 3D lattice modeling of hydraulic fracture initiation and near-wellbore propagation for different perforation models[J]. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering，2020，191：107169.
[36]	张矿生，刘顺，蒋建方，等. 长7致密油藏脆性指数计算方法及现场应用[J]. 油气井测试，2014，23(5)：29-33.(ZHANG Kuangsheng，LIU Shun，JIANG Jianfang，et al. Calculation method about brittleness index in Chang7 Dense reservoir and its field application[J]. Well Testing，2014，23(5)：29-33.(in Chinese))
[2]	吴奇，胥云，王腾飞，等. 增产改造理念的重大变革：体积改造技术概论[J]. 天然气工业，2011，38(4)：7-12.(WU Qi，XU Yun，WANG Tengfei，et al. The revolution of reservoir stimulation：An introduction of volume fracturing[J]. Natural Gas Industry，2011，38(4)：7-12.(in Chinese))
[12]	刘翔. 垂直射孔井地应力及破裂压力研究[J]. 钻采工艺，2008，31(2)：36-38.(LIU Xiang. Study on earth stress and fracturing pressurein vertical perforated wells[J]. Drilling and Production Technology，2008，31(2)：36-38.(in Chinese))
[22]	翁定为，付海峰，包力庆，等. 水平井平面射孔实验研究[J]. 天然气地球科学，2018，29(4)：572-578.(WENG Dingwei，FU Haifeng，BAO Liqing，et al. Polyaxial test research on in plane perforation for horizontal wells[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience，2018，29(4)：572-578. (in Chinese))
[32]	黄刘科. 基于离散元方法的致密储层水压致裂裂缝扩展机制研究[博士学位论文][D]. 成都：西南石油大学，2019.(HUANG Liuke. Study on the mechanism of hydraulic fracturing in tight reservoir based on discrete element method[Ph. D. Thesis][D]. Chengdu：Southwest Petroleum University，2019.(in Chinese))
[9]	YEW C H，SCHMIDT J H，LI Y. On fracture design of deviated wells[C]// SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. [S.l.]：OnePetro，1989：19722.
[19]	彪仿俊，刘合，张劲，等. 螺旋射孔条件下地层破裂压力的数值模拟[J]. 中国科学技术大学学报，2011，41(3)：219-226.(BIAO Fangjun，LIU He，ZHANG Jin，et al. A numerical study of fracture initiation pressure under helical perforation conditions[J]. Journal of University of Science and Technology of China，2011，41(3)：219-226.(in Chinese))
[29]	WARPINSKI N R，CLARK J A，SCHMIDT R A，et al. Laboratory investigation on the-effect of in-situ stresses on hydraulic fracture containment[J]. Society of Petroleum Engineers Journal，1982，22(3)：333-340.
[1]	刘合，王峰，王毓才，等. 现代油气井射孔技术发展现状与展望[J]. 石油勘探与开发，2014，41(6)：731-737.(LIU He，WANG Feng，WANG Yucai，et al. Oil well perforation technology：Status and prospects[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development，2014，41(6)：731-737.(in Chinese))
[3]	吴奇，胥云，王晓泉，等. 非常规油气藏体积改造技术—内涵、优化设计与实现[J]. 石油勘探与开发，2012，39(3)：352-358.(WU Qi，XU Yun，WANG Xiaoquan，et al. Volume fracturing technology of unconventional reservoirs：Connotation，optimization design and implementation[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development，2012，39(3)：352-358.(in Chinese)).
[5]	CUTHILL D，YANG W，HARDESTY J. Improved hydraulic fracturing perforation efficiency observed with constant entry hole and constant penetration perforating system[C]// SPE Hydraulic Fracturing Technology Conference and Exhibition. [S. l.]：Society of Petroleum Engineers，2017：184878.
[7]	SATTI R P，MCCANN J，FLORES J C，et al. A novel Frac-optimized perforating system for unconventional wells：development and field-trial[C]// SPE Hydraulic Fracturing Technology Conference and Exhibition. [S. l.]：Society of Petroleum Engineers，2017：184883.
[11]	陈勉，陈治喜，黄荣樽. 大斜度井水压裂缝起裂研究[J]. 石油大学学报：自然科学版，1995，19(2)：30-35.(CHEN Mian，CHEN Zhixi，HUANG Rongzun. Hydraulic fracturing of highly deviated wells[J]. Journal of the University of Petroleum China，1995，19(2)：30-35.(in Chinese))
[21]	ZHANG F，DAMJANAC B，MAXWELL S. Investigating hydraulic fracturing complexity in naturally fractured rock masses using fully coupled multiscale numerical modeling[J]. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering，2019，52(12)：5 137-5 160.
[31]	张丰收，吴建发，黄浩勇，等. 提高深层页岩裂缝扩展复杂程度的工艺参数优化[J]. 天然气工业，2021，41(1)：125-135.(ZHANG Fengshou，WU Jianfa，HUANG Haoyong，et al. Technological parameter optimization for improving the complexity of hydraulic fractures in deep shale reservoirs[J]. Natural Gas Industry，2021，41(1)：125-135.(in Chinese))
[17]	ZHU H，DENG J，JIN X，et al. Hydraulic fracture initiation and propagation from wellbore with oriented perforation[J]. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering，2014，48：585-601.
[27]	单清林，金衍，韩玲，等. 水平井螺旋射孔参数对近井筒裂缝形态影响规律[J]. 石油科学通报，2017，2(1)：44-52.(SHAN Qinglin，JIN Yan，HAN Ling，et al. Influence of spiral perforation parameters on fracture geometry near horizontal wellbores[J]. Petroleum Science Bulletin，2017，2(1)：44-52.(in Chinese))
[35]	焦方正. 陆相低压页岩油体积开发理论技术及实践[J]. 天然气地球科学，2021，32(6)：836-845.(JIAO Fangzheng. Theoretical technologies and practices concerning volume development of low pressure continental shale oil[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience，2021，32(6)：836-845.(in Chinese))