(1. School of Civil Engineering and Mechanics，Lanzhou University，Lanzhou，Gansu 730000，China；2. Key Laboratory of Mechanics on Disaster and Environment in Western China，Ministry of Education，Lanzhou University，Lanzhou，Gansu 730000，China；3. Northwest Research Institute Co.，Ltd. of CREC，Lanzhou，Gansu 730000，China)
Abstract：Salt damage types of stone cultural relics are related to the water and salt migration controlled by microenvironmental conditions and are mainly affected by the evaporation rate on the rock surface. The sandstone from North Grotto Temple in Gansu Province and Leshan Giant Buddha in Sichuan Province were selected. The capillary rise test of Na2SO4 solution was carried out under conditions of RH = 12%，33%，59% and 76%，in order to simulate the relationship between salt damage characteristics and evaporation conditions. The capillary rise rate，evaporation rate and macroscopic surface phenomena of sandstone were monitored during capillary rise test. Conductivity test，ion content test，elastic wave velocity test，scanning electron microscopy(SEM) test and mercury intrusion porosimetry(MIP) test were performed after capillary rise test. The test results show that：after the capillary rise test，salt layer appears on the sandstone surface of North Grottoes Temple，and with the relative humidity from high to low，the thickness of salt layer gradually becomes thicker. However，with the relative humidity from high to low，the macroscopic salt damage of Leshan Giant Buddha sandstone shows crack propagation，efflorescence，granular disintegration and flaking. Elastic wave velocity test，MIP test and SEM test show that under the condition of RH = 76%，deterioration occurs inside the sandstone of the North Grottoes Temple and Leshan Giant Buddha. Under the condition of RH＜59%，there is almost no deterioration inside the two kinds of sandstone. Research results verify that the higher the evaporation rate is，the more easily the salt is carried to the surface，resulting in surface salt damage. On the contrary，the salt is more likely to be trapped inside the sandstone，resulting in internal salt damage.
张虎元1，2，杨盛清1，孙 博1，3，朱江鸿1. 石质文物盐害类型与蒸发速率的关系研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2021, 40(S2): 3284-3294.
ZHANG Huyuan1，2，YANG Shengqing1，SUN Bo1，3，ZHU Jianghong1. Research on the relationship between salt damage types and evaporation rate of stone relics. , 2021, 40(S2): 3284-3294.
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2021, Vol. 40 
