红层砂岩与砾岩差异风化的湿度应力效应研究

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2019.0345

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摘要目前针对红层砂岩与砾岩差异风化的研究主要集中于二者物理力学性质的对比，而对差异风化的外动力因素研究较少。通过对浙江省红层盆地中的12个拱形岩穴和1个天然石拱的现场调查，结合砂岩、砾岩的室内干湿循环实验，以及砂岩、砾岩水分运移和湿度应力分布的数值模拟研究，分析了红层砂岩与砾岩岩层在风化速率、风化特征等方面的差异。结果表明，砂岩与砾岩的崩解实验破坏特征与现场调查的结果相吻合，砂岩风化主要表现为沿球面状裂隙剥落或沿层面剥落，砾岩风化主要表现为砾石从基质中脱落。砂岩的崩解速率远大于砾岩，砂岩变形量为0.15～0.18 mm，而砾岩仅有0.001～0.002 mm的变形量。数值模拟结果也揭示了砂岩和砾岩差异风化的内在机制，在吸水过程中均质砂岩产生了球面状分布的湿度应力，砂岩在球面状拉应力作用下呈洋葱式剥落；砾岩则在砾石与基质的接触面具有湿度突变与拉应力集中，导致砾石在拉应力作用下从基质中脱落。上述研究成果充分揭示了湿度应力是控制红层砂岩与砾岩差异风化的外动力因素。

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	谭玉芳1
	2
	3
	李丽慧1
	2
	3
	杨志法1
	2
	3
	廖小辉4

关键词 ：岩石力学, 红层, 差异风化, 室内实验, 数值模拟, 湿度应力

Abstract：Many researchers attribute the differential weathering of sandstone and conglomerate to differences in their physical and mechanical properties but pay less attention to external dynamic factors involved in differential weathering. We had a field study on twelve arched rock shelters and one natural arch developed in red-bed basins of Zhejiang province，conducted laboratorial wet-dry test and numerical modelling of moisture movement and moisture stress on sandstone and conglomerate. The failure characteristics of sandstone and conglomerate in wet-dry tests are consistent with the results of field investigation. Sandstone tends to collapse with spherical fractures，while conglomerate generally remains intact except that some gravels at surface drop off from the matrix. The disintegration rate of sandstone is much higher than that of conglomerate. Meanwhile，expansion and shrinkage deformation is 0.15–0.18 mm in sandstone，while 0.001–0.002 mm in conglomerate. The numerical modelling also reveals the mechanism of differential weathering of sandstone and conglomerate. Spherical moisture stress distributes in sandstone during water absorption and causes sandstone flaked like an onion. In contrast，moisture and moisture stress concentrate on the interface between gravel and matrix，and cause gravels dropped off from the matrix. The results reveal that moisture stress is the external dynamic factor controlling the differential weathering between red-bed sandstone and conglomerate

Key words： rock mechanics red-bed sandstone and conglomerate differential weathering laboratorial test numerical simulation moisture stress

引用本文:

谭玉芳1，2，3，李丽慧1，2，3，杨志法1，2，3，廖小辉4. 红层砂岩与砾岩差异风化的湿度应力效应研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2019, 38(S2): 3481-3492.
TAN Yufang1，2，3，LI Lihui1，2，3，YANG Zhifa1，2，3，LIAO Xiaohui4. Moisture stress effect and its control on differential weathering of red-bed sandstone and conglomerate. , 2019, 38(S2): 3481-3492.

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http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2019.0345 或 http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2019/V38/IS2/3481

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