单裂隙花岗岩破坏强度及裂纹扩展特征研究

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2018.1151

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摘要为了研究裂隙花岗岩强度特征及破坏过程，对裂隙花岗岩进行单轴压缩下的声发射测试，基于应力–应变数据、声发射多参量特征、摄像记录综合分析裂纹扩展特征及其相互变化关系。研究结果表明：裂隙倾角对起裂应力和破坏强度影响较大，弹性模量和起裂应力随单调增大；裂隙花岗岩应力–应变曲线在峰前呈阶梯状上升，尤其当较小时，发生多次应力突降，应力降对应模量的快速弱化、AE事件率和能量率的剧烈凸起；AE事件率表现出明显的三阶段特征，随着的增大，三阶段特征逐渐弱化，岩石的脆性破坏程度增大，应力降和AE凸起数量逐渐减小，AE事件率和能量率最大值对应的应力逐渐增大；相比AE事件，能量率最大值的发生更靠近峰值强度，且变化更剧烈；AE震源时空演化很好地描绘了裂纹的三维扩展区域和分布规律，稳定增长期震源数量和幅值均较小，高速增长期大幅值震源数量快速增加，尤其是在临近破坏前。

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	张国凯1
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关键词 ：岩石力学, 破坏强度, 声发射, 震源分布, 裂纹扩展

Abstract：In order to study the strength characteristics and failure process of fractured rocks，uniaxial compression tests together with AE monitoring were conducted on granites containing a single fissure. The stress-strain data，multi-parameters of AE and video recording were used to analyze the characteristics of crack evolution and their correlations. The results show that the fissure angle has a bigger influence on crack initiation stress and failure strength. The modulus and crack initiation stress increase monotonously with . The stress-strain curves of fractured rocks rise stepwise before the peak strength，and stress drop occurs several times when is small. It?s revealed that the stress drop coincides with the deterioration of modulus，sharp bulge of AE event rate and energy rate. AE event evolution of fractured granites is divided into three stages，with the increase of ，the three-stages characteristic gradually weakens and the brittle failure increases. Moreover，the number of stress drop and AE bulges gradually decrease，but stress levels corresponding to the maximum of AE rate keep increasing. Compared with AE event，the maximum energy rate occurs closer to the peak stress，and AE energy changes more severely. The spatiotemporal evolution of AE hypocenters depicts the three-dimensional propagation region and distribution of cracks. The amplitude of hypocenters occurred at the stable growth period are small，and the number of large-amplitude hypocenters increases rapidly after the high-speed growth period，especially prior to the failure.

Key words： rock mechanics failure strength acoustic emission hypocenter distribution crack propagation

引用本文:

张国凯1，2，李海波2，王明洋1，3，李晓锋2. 单裂隙花岗岩破坏强度及裂纹扩展特征研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2019, 38(S1): 2760-2771.
ZHANG Guokai1，2，LI Haibo2，WANG Mingyang1，3，LI Xiaofeng2. Study on characteristics of failure strength and crack propagation of granite rocks containing a single fissure . , 2019, 38(S1): 2760-2771.

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http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2018.1151 或 http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2019/V38/IS1/2760

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