Coupling mechanisms for the one-dimensional nonlinear thermal consolidation of saturated clay under thermal-mechanical loading with consideration of effective void ratio
SUN Jinxin1, 2, 3, 4, LI Jiangshan1, 3, 4, WANG Ping1, 3, 4, HAN Lijun1, 3, 4, XUE Qiang1, 2, 3, 4
(1. State Key Laboratory of Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering Safety, Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China; 2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
3. Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Contaminated Sludge and Soil Science and Engineering, Institute of Rock and Soil
Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China; 4. IRSM-CAS/HK Poly U Joint Laboratory on
Solid Waste Science, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China)
Abstract：ey soils are widely distributed in thermal-related geotechnical engineering projects, and their consolidation behavior under non-isothermal conditions significantly influences the long-term stability of engineering structures. Additionally, clays commonly contain bound water, which occupies a portion of the pore space and is incapable of free seepage. In this context, the effective void ratio is introduced to characterize the pore characteristics of saturated clay, and a one-dimensional model of nonlinear thermal consolidation under thermal-mechanical loading is developed. This model first accounts for the impact of temperature variation on the compressibility and permeability of saturated clay. To address the pore water migration caused by the temperature gradient, the thermal-osmosis effect is considered to more accurately reflect the seepage properties. Furthermore, the mechanisms of conduction, convection, and thermo-mechanical dispersion are integrated to investigate the heat transfer process. By employing semi-permeable and semi-adiabatic boundary conditions that closely resemble engineering realities, the coupled control equations and numerical solutions for the current model are derived, and their accuracy is verified through degradation analysis and case studies. Subsequently, a parameter sensitivity analysis is conducted to explore the influence of critical parameters on consolidation performance, revealing the coupling mechanisms between nonlinear consolidation and heat transfer. The results indicate that the presence of semi-adiabatic boundaries significantly alters the temperature distribution within the clay layer, which in turn affects permeability at different depths. Moreover, an increase in the effective void ratio can facilitate the heat transfer process, leading to higher final excess pore water pressure and increased final settlement. The inclusion of thermal-osmosis slows down pore water dissipation and exacerbates soil swelling phenomena. Factors such as improved drainage boundaries, shorter heating durations, fewer loading frequencies, or greater temperature gradients contribute to faster consolidation.
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2025, Vol. 44 
