考虑颗粒破碎的粗粒土非正交弹塑性本构模型

doi:10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2025.0059

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摘要粗粒土在大应力作用下易发生颗粒破碎现象，导致土体级配改变，影响其刚度和变形特性。通过分析不同级配条件下粗粒土的应力–应变行为，以讨论颗粒破碎对土体刚度特性和变形行为的影响。基于试验揭示的颗粒破碎规律，提出粗粒土各向同性压缩线与临界状态线的颗粒破碎演化方程。将屈服函数中的破碎率作为本构变量，结合一致性条件，从塑性应变增量大小的角度反映了颗粒破碎产生的额外体应变。基于非正交塑性理论，以状态变量为媒介，建立颗粒破碎率与剪胀参数的联系，据此确定颗粒破碎条件下的塑性流动方向，最终构建了可描述颗粒破碎效应的粗粒土非正交弹塑性本构模型。利用长河料与Cambria砂的常规三轴排水试验数据对所提模型的合理性进行评估。结果表明，所提模型能反映粗粒土在低围压到高围压时由剪胀到剪缩的体变转化，且在大应力条件下具有更好的预测能力。

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	路德春
	卓宇航
	周鑫
	杜修力

关键词 ：土力学, 粗粒土, 本构模型, 非正交流动法则, 颗粒破碎, 级配变化

Abstract： Coarse-grained soils are susceptible to particle breakage under high stress, which leads to changes in soil gradation and affects their stiffness and deformation characteristics. This study investigates the impact of particle breakage on the stiffness and deformation of coarse-grained soils by analyzing their stress-strain behavior across different gradations. Based on the particle breakage law identified through experiments, we propose evolution equations for the isotropic compression line and the critical state line. The breakage ratio within the yield function is treated as a constitutive variable, integrated with the consistency condition, to account for the additional volumetric strain resulting from particle breakage. Utilizing non-orthogonal plasticity theory, we establish the relationship between the particle breakage ratio and the dilatancy parameter through a state variable, which determines the direction of plastic flow under particle breakage conditions. Finally, we develop a non-orthogonal elastoplastic constitutive model for coarse-grained soils to characterize the effects of particle breakage. The validity of this model is assessed using conventional triaxial drainage test data from Changhe rockfill and Cambria sand. The results indicate that the proposed model accurately reflects the transformation of volumetric strain in coarse-grained soils from dilatancy to contractancy as confining pressure increases from low to high, demonstrating enhanced predictive capability under high-stress conditions.

Key words： soil mechanics coarse-grained soil constitutive model non-orthogonal flow rule particle breakage gradation changes

引用本文:

路德春，卓宇航，周鑫，杜修力. 考虑颗粒破碎的粗粒土非正交弹塑性本构模型[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2025, 44(7): 1911-1920.
LU Dechun, ZHUO Yuhang, ZHOU Xin, DU Xiuli. A non-orthogonal elastoplastic constitutive model for coarse-grained soils considering particle breakage#br#. , 2025, 44(7): 1911-1920.

链接本文:

https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2025.0059 或 https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2025/V44/I7/1911

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