(1. Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Geomechanics and Embankment Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210098,China; 2. Institute of Geotechnical Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210098, China; 3. State Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Water Security, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing 100038, China;
4. PowerChina Beijing Engineering Corporation Limited, Beijing 100024, China)
Abstract：To investigate the effects of freeze-thaw (F-T) cycles on the mechanical response and permeability evolution of highly weathered granite under seepage-stress coupling conditions, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) tests and seepage-stress coupled triaxial compression tests were conducted on highly weathered granite specimens subjected to varying numbers of freeze-thaw cycles. The influences of freeze-thaw cycles and seepage pressure on the pore structure, strength, deformation, failure modes, and permeability characteristics of the rock were examined. The results indicate that freeze-thaw cycles lead to a slight decrease in rock mass, a significant increase in saturated water content (with a 46% increase after 50 cycles compared to the initial state), and a considerable rise in porosity, resulting in a more complex pore structure. As the number of freeze-thaw cycles and seepage pressure increases, the peak stress, elastic modulus, and axial strain stiffness decrease markedly, while the dilatancy stress and the corresponding volumetric strain also exhibit a declining trend. The number of freeze-thaw cycles has a pronounced effect on the failure mode: unfrozen specimens demonstrate clear brittle tensile cracking on the surface, whereas freeze-thaw-treated specimens primarily exhibit shear failure. Furthermore, permeability increases significantly with the number of freeze-thaw cycles and pore pressure. Freeze-thaw damage amplifies the sensitivity of initial permeability to seepage effects, while the maximum permeability is predominantly influenced by the rock failure mode. These findings provide experimental evidence and parameter references for the durability assessment and seepage stability analysis of dam-foundation rock masses in pumped-storage hydropower reservoirs located in cold regions.
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2026, Vol. 45 
