含碎石断层泥剪切蠕变本构模型研究

doi:10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2025.0660

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摘要在地表断层中，常填充有含碎石与黏土的断层泥，其力学性质极大程度地影响了断层的稳定性。此类断层泥在应力作用下表现出类似黏土的蠕变行为，但由于碎石的存在，其力学强度通常高于单一黏土。为准确描述该类断层土的蠕变过程，以某水电站断层泥原位取样为研究对象，通过X射线衍射与电镜扫描试验分析并确定黏土矿物成分，基于Boltzmann线性叠加原理对断层泥展开蠕变剪切试验，将总应变分解为线性黏弹性应变、线性黏塑性应变和非线性黏塑性应变三部分，并分别构建相应的本构关系，建立一种以广义黏弹体、Abel阻尼器和幂函数经验模型为基础的新的复合本构模型，利用试验数据对模型参数进行确定与验证，最后与传统H-K模型精准度进行对比。结果表明：(1) 研究区断层泥的主要黏土矿物成分为蒙脱石，碎石断层泥的蠕变过程具有典型的非线性特征；(2) 建立复合模型并确定复合模型中的所有参数后，将其与传统H-K模型的对比验证表明，能够更精确地捕捉加速蠕变阶段变形速率急剧增大的行为，证明了该模型具有良好的适用性与优越性。

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	王兆雨1
	2
	赵伟华1
	2*
	巨能攀1
	2
	林清桦1
	2
	谭林1
	2
	胡小龙1
	2

关键词 ：岩土力学, 矿物成分, 断层泥, 蠕变模式, 本构模型

Abstract：Surface faults are commonly filled with fault gouge that contains crushed rock and clay, whose mechanical properties significantly influence fault stability. This type of fault gouge exhibits clay-like creep behavior under stress, while its mechanical strength is generally greater than that of pure clay due to the presence of rock fragments. To accurately describe the creep process of this fault gouge, in-situ samples from a hydropower station were selected as the research subject. The clay mineral composition was analyzed and determined through X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy tests. Based on the Boltzmann linear superposition principle, creep shear tests were conducted on the fault gouge. The total strain was decomposed into three components: linear viscoelastic strain, linear viscoplastic strain, and nonlinear viscoplastic strain. Corresponding constitutive relationships were established for each component, leading to the development of a novel composite constitutive model based on a generalized viscoelastic body, an Abel dashpot, and a power-law empirical model. The model parameters were determined and validated using experimental data, and the accuracy of the model was compared with that of the traditional H-K model. The results indicate that: (1) the primary clay mineral component of the fault gouge in the study area is montmorillonite, and the creep process of the gravel-containing fault gouge exhibits typical nonlinear characteristics; (2) after establishing the composite model and determining all its parameters, comparative validation with the traditional H-K model demonstrates that the proposed model can more accurately capture the sharp increase in deformation rate during the accelerated creep stage, confirming its good applicability and superiority.

Key words： soil mechanics composition of minerals fault gouge creep mode constitutive model

引用本文:

王兆雨1，2，赵伟华1，2*，巨能攀1，2，林清桦1，2，谭林1，2，胡小龙1，2. 含碎石断层泥剪切蠕变本构模型研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2026, 45(4): 1266-1276.
WANG Zhaoyu1, 2, ZHAO Weihua1, 2*, JU Nengpan1, 2, LIN Qinghua1, 2, TAN Lin1, 2, HU Xiaolong1, 2. Constitutive model for shear creep behavior of fault gouge containing crushed rock#br#. , 2026, 45(4): 1266-1276.

链接本文:

https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2025.0660 或 https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2026/V45/I4/1266

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