Abstract：Based on the complicated response of dilatancy of sand under cycle loading，the different physical states，including preliminary positive dilatation，secondary positive dilatation，negative dilatation，reverse positive dilatation and shear elasticity，are explored by the changes of effective stress path. Moreover，the physical states can be distinguished in the effective stress space by the stress history boundary and initial yield surface besides the state boundary and physical state transformation surface. A mathematic description is set up to express the changes of physical states by the moving law of the initial yield surface and history boundary.
邵生俊. 砂土的有效应力空间特征面及物态变化的数学描述[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2002, 21(10): 1557-1561.
Shao Shengjun. CHARACTERISTIC SURFACES OF EFFECTIVE STRESS SPACE FOR SANDSOIL AND ITS MATHEMATICAL DESCRIPTION OF PHYSICAL STATES. , 2002, 21(10): 1557-1561.
6Shao Shengjun，Xie Dingyi. A physical state model of saturated sand[A]. In：Hong S W，Kim M M，Yang S G ed. Proc. of XI Asia Region Conference，International Society for Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering[C]. Seoul，Korea：A. A. Balkema，1999，527～531
2002, Vol. 21 
