盐渍土基泡沫轻质土工程特性试验研究

doi:10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2023.1098

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摘要盐渍土广泛分布于新疆地区，将盐渍土用作泡沫轻质土应用于路基回填中，不仅能有效利用开挖废土，而且其良好的保温隔热性能提高了新疆寒旱地区路基的耐久性。基于此，开展密度、土掺量及水料比对盐渍土基泡沫轻质土工程特性试验影响的研究。首先，对不同配比进行导热系数、流动度、吸水率等物理指标测试；其次，开展冻融循环、干湿循环等复杂情况下试样的无侧限抗压强度，研究其力学性能指标及能量吸收率；最后，通过扫描电镜并辅以图像处理软件，分析泡沫土孔隙微观结构。结果表明，泡沫轻质土的流动度受水分和泡沫含量影响较大；随着密度的增加，吸水率逐渐降低；该轻质土具有良好的保温性能，其导热系数为普通压实土的1/6～1/10，密度与导热系数具有良好的线性关系。在冻融循环、干湿循环及浸水工况下，试样无侧限抗压强度衰减40%～50%。微观结构上，随着密度的增加，孔隙数量、圆度有不同程度的提升，内部的孔隙结构可以作为“桥梁”，对微观结构和宏观力学性质建立联系。工程中建议泡沫轻质土配比范围为密度800～1 200 kg/m3、盐渍土掺量不超过40%、水料比为0.45～0.55，该配比下泡沫轻质土的无侧限抗压强度为0.6～1.0 MPa，能够在满足路基强度的同时，拥有良好的保温隔热性能及耐久性。

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	卢正1
	2
	张荣 1
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	赵阳1
	秦朗4
	刘杰5
	颜廷舟6
	李剑6
	李秉蔚7
	张静8

关键词 ：土力学, 泡沫轻质土, 物理性能, 力学性能, 微观结构

Abstract：Saline soil is widely distributed in Xinjiang area，where using saline soil as foamed lightweight soil in subgrade backfill can effectively utilize excavated waste soil，and improve the durability of subgrade in Xinjiang cold and dry area due to the good thermal insulation performance. From this perspective，the influence of density，soil content and water to dry-material ratio on engineering characteristics of saline soil-based foam lightweight soil was studied in this paper. Firstly，a series of tests were conducted to compare the thermal conductivity，fluidity，water absorption and stability of different ratios. Secondly，the unconfined compressive strength of samples under various conditions(e.g.，freeze-thaw cycle and dry-wet cycle) was obtained，in which the mechanical properties index and energy absorption rate were also studied. Finally，the pore microstructure of foamed lightweight soil was deeply analyzed by SEM and image processing software. The experimental results show that moisture and foam content greatly affect the fluidity of foamed lightweight soil. The water absorption decreases gradually with the increase in density. The foamed lightweight soil presents good thermal insulation performance. In detail，the thermal conductivity is about 1/6‐1/10 of the ordinary compacted soil. Also，there is a well-linear relationship between the density and the thermal conductivity. Under the freeze-thaw cycles，dry-wet cycles and immersed water conditions，the unconfined compressive strength of the samples decreases by 40%‐50%. Regarding microstructure characteristics，the number and roundness of pores increased with the increase in density. The structure of pores can serve as a“bridge”to establish a connection between its microstructure and macroscopic mechanical properties. In the study，it is recommended that the density of 800‐1 200 kg/m3，the salt soil content is not more than 40%，and the water-material ratio is 0.45‐0.55 can be regarded as the optimum ratio. The unconfined compressive strength of the described above ratio is about 0.6‐1.0 MPa，meeting the requirement of subgrade strength，thermal insulation，and durability.

Key words： soil mechanics foamed lightweight soil physical properties mechanical properties microstructure

引用本文:

卢正1，2，张荣 1，3，赵阳1，秦朗4，刘杰5，颜廷舟6，李剑6，李秉蔚7，张静8. 盐渍土基泡沫轻质土工程特性试验研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2025, 44(S1): 206-218.
LU Zheng1，2，ZHANG Rong1，3，ZHAO Yang1，QIN Lang4，LIU Jie5，YAN Tingzhou6，LI Jian6，LI Bingwei7，ZHANG Jing8. Experimental study on engineering characteristics of foamed lightweight soil based on saline soil. , 2025, 44(S1): 206-218.

链接本文:

https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2023.1098 或 https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2025/V44/IS1/206

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