白鹤滩拱坝基础垫座方案优化研究

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摘要白鹤滩高拱坝地基地质条件复杂，需要设计大范围的垫座以改善受力条件。目前关于拱坝地基和坝肩处理措施的研究大多依赖工程经验，尚没有完整、可靠的垫座评价准则。提出拱坝垫座设计的综合优化方法，通过分析垫座对坝体的影响及垫座自身的稳定性，找到最优的设计方案。该方法综合坝体位移、应力、屈服区、抗滑安全度等因素，采用不平衡力分析坝踵开裂，采用塑性余能范数(PCE)评价垫座整体稳定。不平衡力是结构局部失稳后的度量，能够有效地预测裂纹扩展部位和方向。余能范数是不平衡力的标量范数，可用于判断结构的整体稳定性。对比4种垫座设计方案，通过对坝体位移、坝踵开裂、垫座整体稳定和抗滑安全度的分析，确定将垫座视为坝体、垫座上游侧设缝为白鹤滩拱坝垫座的最优设计方案。

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关键词 ：基础工程, 高拱坝, 垫座, 优化设计, 坝踵开裂, 不平衡力

Abstract：As the foundation conditions of Baihetan arch dam are complicated，large pedestal should be designed to improve the stress distribution. Current research on reinforcement evaluation of dam foundation and abutment generally relies on engineering experience，and there is no comprehensive and reliable pedestal evaluation criteria yet. A new optimization design method for dam pedestal is presented. Stability of pedestal and its affec to dam are both considered，and thus the optimal scheme is verified. This method combines various factors，such as displacement，stress，plastic zone and anti-slide safety factor. Besides，unbalanced force is used to analyze dam heel cracking，and plastic complementary energy(PCE) is applied in pedestal global stability evaluation. As measurement of structural local failure，unbalanced force is effective in predicting location and direction of crack propagation in dam heel. PCE is a scalar norm of unbalanced force，which is suitable for structure stability analysis. Four pedestal design schemes are compared in the meaning of dam displacement，dam heel cracking，pedestal stability and anti-slide safety factors. The optimal scheme regards the pedestal as a part of dam and sets joints on its upstream surfaces.

Key words： foundation engineering high arch dam pedestal optimization design dam heel cracking unbalanced force

收稿日期: 2013-05-30

引用本文:

潘元炜1，刘耀儒1，张泷1，杨强1，徐建荣2，何明杰2，刘西军2. 白鹤滩拱坝基础垫座方案优化研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2014, 33(sl): 2641-2648.
PAN Yuanwei1，LIU Yaoru1，ZHANG Long1，YANG Qiang1，XU Jianrong2，HE Mingjie2，LIU Xijun2. OPTIMIZATION RESEARCH ON BAIHETAN ARCH DAM FOUNDATION AND PEDESTAL. , 2014, 33(sl): 2641-2648.

链接本文:

http://www.rockmech.org/CN/Y2014/V33/Isl/2641

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