一维动静组合加载下磁铁矿石力学特性及破碎特征试验研究

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2021.0148

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摘要以改善矿石破碎效率和能耗为目的，采用改进的霍普金森压杆(SHPB)试验装置，开展一维动静组合加载下磁铁矿石力学特性及破碎特征试验研究，分析轴压比与冲击速度对磁铁矿石破碎效果与能量利用率的影响。结果表明：冲击速度主要影响磁铁矿石在动态冲击作用下的抗冲击性能和破碎程度，在轴压比一定时，随着冲击速度的增大，试样破碎块度越小、加载轴压的影响作用越显著、累积应变越大，且轴压比越大累积应变的增幅越大；轴压比主要影响磁铁矿石在动态冲击载荷作用前其内部结构的损伤程度和冲击载荷的能量利用率，随着轴压比的增大试样的动态抗压强度存在一个最大值；一维动静组合加载下磁铁矿石破碎效果和能量利用率受轴压比和冲击速度双重控制，“低轴压+高速度”增强了磁铁矿石的抗冲击性能；“高轴压+低速度”的压剪作用效果不显著、破碎效果差；“高轴压+高速度”使试样破碎成大量岩屑粉末，破碎效果好但能量利用率低。因此，在利用“挤压+冲击”破岩方式破碎磁铁矿石时，应在明确破碎块度要求的前提下，综合考虑轴压比和冲击速度的组合作用，提出轴压比和冲击速度的最佳组合，以提高磁铁矿石破碎效果和能量利用率。

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	刘志义1
	2
	甘德清1
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	于泽皞1
	2
	田晓曦1
	2
	王玲1
	2

关键词 ：岩石力学, 磁铁矿石, 一维动静组合, 轴压比, 动力学性能, 破碎特征

Abstract：To improve the rock crushing efficiency and reducing energy consumption of ore，the dynamic mechanical properties and breakage behaviour of magnetite under one-dimensional coupled dynamic and static loads were studied using the improved Hopkinson pressure bar(SHPB) apparatus. The effects of axial compression ratio and impact velocity on the crushing effect and energy utilization rate of magnetite ore were analysed. Results show that impact velocity mainly affects the impact resistance and crushing degree of magnetite ore. The smaller the sample fragmentation the more significant the influence of axial compression and the larger the cumulative strain，when the axial compression ratio is constant，with impact velocity increasing. The larger the axial compression ratio，the larger the cumulative strain increases. The axial compression ratio mainly affects the damage degree of the inner structure before the dynamic impact and the energy utilization rate of impact load of the magnetite ore. With axial compression ratio increasing，the dynamic compressive strength of magnetite samples has a maximum value. Under one-dimensional combined dynamic and static loading，the crushing effect and energy utilization rate of magnetite ore are controlled by axial compression ratio and impact velocity. The impact resistance of magnetite ore is enhanced by“low axial compression + high velocity”. The compression and shear effect of“high axial compression + low velocity”is not significant and the crushing effect is poor. “High axial compression + high velocity”makes the sample broken into a large number of debris powder，which has good crushing effect with low energy utilization rate. When the“extrusion + impact”rock breaking method is used to improve the crushing effect and energy utilization rate of magnetite ore，the optimal combination of axial compression ratio and impact velocity should be put forward on the premise of clear crushing fragmentation requirements and considering the combined effect of axial compression ratio and impact velocity comprehensively.

Key words： rock mechanics magnetite one-dimensional coupled dynamic and static loads axial compression ratio dynamic mechanical property broken characteristics

引用本文:

刘志义1，2，甘德清1，2，于泽皞1，2，田晓曦1，2，王玲1，2. 一维动静组合加载下磁铁矿石力学特性及破碎特征试验研究[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2022, 41(S1): 2869-2880.
LIU Zhiyi1，2，GAN Deqing1，2，YU Zehao1，2，TIAN Xiaoxi1，2，WANG Ling1，2. Experimental research on the dynamic mechanical properties and breakage behavior of magnetite under one-dimensional coupled dynamic and static loads. , 2022, 41(S1): 2869-2880.

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http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2021.0148 或 http://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2022/V41/IS1/2869

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