雅鲁藏布江缝合带深埋长大隧道群岩爆孕育及特征

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2018.1038

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摘要为揭示雅鲁藏布江缝合带对区域内深埋长大隧道群岩爆的孕育作用，探明岩爆时空分布与破坏特征规律和影响因素，以新建川藏铁路桑珠岭隧道和巴玉隧道为工程依托，通过地质调查、现场试验、地应力三维反演、岩爆记录统计等方法对隧道高地温、高地应力条件的形成、特征和影响进行分析，最后结合热力耦合计算就高地应力、高地温对隧道岩爆的影响进行了比较分析。研究结果表明：受控于缝合带特殊的大地构造以及新生代岩浆活动影响，区域内深埋长大隧道群呈现出高地应力和高地温特征；两座隧道受水平地质构造和大埋深影响显著，其中桑珠岭隧道轴线处最大水平主应力、自重应力分别为巴玉隧道轴线处的1.44和0.78倍；受竖向应力控制岩爆的空间分布集中在拱顶和掌子面，而邻近河谷区域受水平应力影响在近雅鲁藏布江河谷一侧岩爆次数明显居多。现场试验表明两座隧道围岩均具有弱～中等岩爆倾向，但因岩性产生的岩爆倾向性差异不明显；受大地热流及局部熔融体埋深影响，两座隧道的高地温差异显著，结合热力耦合模型计算表明桑珠岭隧道受高地温影响，开挖过程中的热力耦合作用明显，而巴玉隧道岩爆主要受到竖向高地应力影响。

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	严健1
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	何川1
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	蒙伟1
	吴枋胤1

关键词 ：隧道工程, 雅鲁藏布江缝合带, 岩爆孕育, 岩爆特征, 高地应力, 高地温

Abstract：To investigate the inoculation mechanism of rockbursts in extra-long and deep-lying tunnels in Yarlung Zangbo suture zone and to reveal spatial and temporal distribution，failure characteristics and influencing factors of rockbursts，rockburst characters and inoculation effect. The newly built Sangzhuling and Bayu Tunnels in the project of Sichuan-Tibet railway，which locate at the Yarlung Zangbo suture(YZS)，were studied. Based on geological survey，field test，3D finite inversion of in-situ stress and statistical analysis on the rockburst records observed during the construction process，the forming reason，characteristics and influence of high geotemperature and high in-situ stress conditions were studied and the effects of high in-situ stress and high geotemperature on rockbursts in tunnels were analyzed combined with thermodynamic coupling calculation. The results show that，under the control of the special geotectonics and cenozoic magmatic activities in the YZS，the deep-lying and extra-long tunnels in the area present high in-situ stress and high geothermal characteristics. The three-dimensional inversion of in-situ stress indicates that，due to the marked influence of the tunnel depth and horizontal geological structure，the maximum horizontal principal stress and self-heavy stress at the axis of the Sangzhuling tunnel are respectively 1.44 and 0.78 times of those in the Bayu tunnel. The spatial distribution of rockbursts controlled by the vertical stress mainly concentrated in the vault and the face of the tunnel，while the rockbursts influenced by the horizontal stress occur mainly near Yarlung Zangbo River valley. Field experiments show that the rockburst of igneous rocks has a weak of medium tendency and that the difference of the rockburst tendency due to different lithologies in two tunnels is not obvious. Under the influence of the terrestrial heat flow and the depth of partial magmatic melt，the characteristics of high geotemperature of two tunnels vary from each other greatly. Calculations using thermo-mechanical coupling model show that the coupled thermal-mechanical effect in the excavation process of Sangzhuling tunnel is obvious under the influence of high geotemperature and the rockbursts in Bayu tunnel are mainly affected by the high in-situ stress.

Key words： tunnelling engineering Yarlung Zangbo suture(YZS) rockburst inoculation rockburst characters high in-situ stress high geotemperature

引用本文:

严健1，2，何川1，汪波1，蒙伟1，吴枋胤1. 雅鲁藏布江缝合带深埋长大隧道群岩爆孕育及特征[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2019, 38(4): 769-781.
YAN Jian1，2，HE Chuan1，WANG Bo1，MENG Wei1，WU Fangyin1. Inoculation and characters of rockbursts in extra-long and deep-lying tunnels located on Yarlung Zangbo suture. , 2019, 38(4): 769-781.

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http://www.rockmech.org/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2018.1038 或 http://www.rockmech.org/CN/Y2019/V38/I4/769

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