(1. College of Resources and Environment，Chengdu University of Information Technology，Chengdu，Sichuan 610225，China；
2. Chongqing Institute of Meteorological Science，Chongqing 401147，China)
Abstract：Based on the factors contributing to landslide occurrence，a well-designed and objective evaluation system is proposed to assess and classify the hazard of regional landslide disasters，which holds practical significance for both landslide disaster prevention and accurate forecasting. This study highlights the limitations of existing landslide hazard evaluation methods，such as incomplete evaluation indicators，subjectivity in the classification of evaluation criteria，and the inability to directly measure the current impact of different factors on the overall region and different hazard landslide areas. Taking the severely landslide-prone Wanzhou District in Chongqing as an example，under the premise of fully considering the rationality of evaluation factors，an objective division of evaluation factor levels using the weights of evidence method is applied to assess the hazard of regional landslide disasters. By combining the landslide hazard sensitivity index(SW) and the newly created landslide hazard impact index(SI)，along with the impact index(HW) for different hazardous areas，the overall sensitivity and impact of each evaluation factor on regional landslide occurrence are quantified. Moreover，the differences in impact on different hazardous areas are measured. This approach provides more accurate and targeted theoretical references for reducing the hazard of regional landslides，and holds significant importance in enhancing the effective defense capability against regional landslide disasters. The study shows that：(1) the evaluation index system for landslide hazard evaluation in Wanzhou District，after removing the topographic relief factor through the test for independence，comprehensively captures the landslide causative factors. (2) Based on the initial grading of evaluation indicators，the final grading of evaluation indicators is achieved using the weights of evidence，landslide area ratio，and grading area，with the support of the weights of evidence method. This approach enables regional landslide hazard evaluation，and the evaluation results are validated through the success rate curve method，with an accuracy of 72%. Therefore，the reliability of evaluation method in this research is reflected through the favorable evaluation precision. (3) The analysis of SW and SI indices reveals that elevation，road distance，and multi-year average rainfall are the top three factors with the highest overall sensitivity and impact on the region for landslide occurrence. However，the remaining factors show variations in their rankings in terms of sensitivity and impact. The difference in the ranking results of evaluation indicators on two indices indicates the necessity and scientificity of the SI index in this study. (4) The HW index indicates that the evaluation factors for high，medium，and low hazard areas exhibit consistent characteristics with the overall regional landslide occurrence. However，in relatively high hazard areas，the road distance factor has the greatest impact. In contrast，in relatively low hazard areas，the normalized vegetation index shows the second-highest impact，indicating the effectiveness and scientific validity of the HW index constructed in this study. (5) The low hazard areas are mainly located in high-altitude regions with higher vegetation coverage. Here，evergreen broad-leaved forests and coniferous forests play a suppressive role in the occurrence of landslides. On the other hand，the high hazard areas are primarily concentrated in the main urban areas of Wanzhou District，where human activities are significant. These areas are distributed along the Yangtze River and its tributaries，with higher precipitation levels concentrated in the low-altitude regions between 1 213 mm to 1 229 mm. For the high hazard areas，it is essential to implement appropriate measures to reduce the landslide hazard，such as undertaking proper landslide control engineering，anti-slide support measures，and slope greening. The implementation of these engineering measures will help mitigate the landslide hazard and achieve the goal of reducing the overall landslide hazard in the region.
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2024, Vol. 43 
