深部煤巷高三向应力差异区冲击失稳机制

doi:10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2024.0504

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摘要针对深部高三向应力差异区煤巷冲击地压、失稳问题，采用理论分析、数值模拟，结合工程案例分析，揭示深部高三向应力差异区煤巷冲击失稳机制。基于Mohr-Coulomb准则，将三向应力差异定义修正为，使煤体单元三向应力差异破坏判据定量化；依据成因，将煤矿深部高三向应力差异区分为水平构造应力型、垂直应力型；高三向应力差异场煤巷开挖后，巷帮煤体裂隙发育程度、破坏范围更大，运动速度相对更高，位移更大，破坏速度更快；三向应力差异沿围岩径向分布的峰值即为破坏区与非破坏区交界面，破坏区抑制非破坏区三向应力差异升高，非破坏区的三向应力差异分布对煤巷稳定性起主要控制作用；提出煤巷围岩稳定性状态参数Ss，描述煤巷围岩或未掘进煤巷布置区的稳定性，当煤巷围岩Ss小于非破坏区边界破坏的[Ss]时，非破坏区累积变形驱动破坏区煤体向煤巷运动，致煤巷失稳，当Ss急剧降低，非破坏区快速破坏，变形急剧累积，驱动破坏区煤体发生冲击。结合华丰煤矿煤柱形成的高三向应力区煤巷冲击事故，验证了煤巷高三向应力差异致冲机制。

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	刘国磊1
	梁文昭2
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	马秋峰1
	王泽东4
	曲效成5

关键词 ：采矿工程, 深部开采, 高三向应力差异区, 煤巷冲击机制, 煤巷失稳

Abstract：Addressing the issue of rock bursts and instability in deep coal roadways with high three-way stress differences，this study employs theoretical analysis，numerical simulations，and engineering case studies to reveal the mechanisms of rock bursts and instability in such areas. Based on the Mohr-Coulomb criterion，the definition of the three-way stress difference is modified to ，providing a quantitative damage criterion for coal body units. High three-way stress differences in deep coal mines are categorized into horizontal tectonic stress type and vertical stress type based on their origins. After roadway excavation in high-stress difference areas，the coal rib experiences significant crack development and increased damage extent. Additionally，there are higher movement speeds，larger displacements，and faster destruction rates. The peak value of the three-way stress difference，distributed radially around the surrounding rock，defines the interface between the failure and non-failure zones. The failure zone suppresses the increase in three-way stress difference in the non-failure zone，while the three-way stress difference distribution in the non-failure zone plays a dominant role in controlling the stability of the coal roadway. A stability parameter，Ss，is proposed to describe the stability of the surrounding rock of coal roadways or in unexcavated coal configuration areas. When the surrounding rock's Ss is less than the critical [Ss] of the non-failure zone boundary，accumulated deformation in the non-failure zone drives coal from the failure zone towards the roadway，leading to instability. When Ss decreases sharply，the non-failure zone rapidly fails，and significant deformation accumulation drives the coal body in the failure zone to experience a rock burst. This mechanism is validated through a case study of a rock burst incident in the high three-way stress area formed by a coal pillar at the Huafeng coal mine.

Key words： mining engineering deep mining high three-way stress difference area mechanisms of rock burst coal roadway instability

引用本文:

刘国磊1，梁文昭2，3，马秋峰1，王泽东4，曲效成5. 深部煤巷高三向应力差异区冲击失稳机制[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2025, 44(4): 797-809.
LIU Guolei1，LIANG Wenzhao2，3，MA Qiufeng1，WANG Zedong4，QU Xiaocheng5. Mechanisms of rock burst instability in deep coal roadway with high three-way stress difference area. , 2025, 44(4): 797-809.

链接本文:

https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.3724/1000-6915.jrme.2024.0504 或 https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2025/V44/I4/797

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