Characterizing time-temperature coupled effects on mechanical-seepage properties of grouted rock mass in water-rich tunnels
ZHANG Jiyun1, 2, 3, FANG Zhihao1, YU Yongqiang1, 2, WANG Shuren1, 2, FAN Lidan1, 2, CAO Yunxing4, ZHANG Xinsheng1, 4, JIA Housheng5, LI Peitao1, XU Feng1
(1. School of Civil Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, Henan 454003, China; 2. International Joint Research Laboratory of Henan Province for Underground Space Development and Disaster Prevention, Jiaozuo, Henan 454003, China;
3. Key Laboratory of Intelligent Construction and Safety Operation and Maintenance of Underground Engineering in Henan Province, Jiaozuo, Henan 454003, China; 4. Henan International Joint Laboratory for Unconventional Energy Geology
and Development, Jiaozuo, Henan 454000, China; 5. School of Energy Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic
University, Jiaozuo, Henan 454003, China)
Abstract：To elucidate the influence of the coupling effect of a water-rich temperature environment and time on the mechanical properties of the grouted rock mass, we enhanced a self-constructed three-dimensional rock mass grouting simulation test device. Employing a uniform design method, five working conditions were established for conducting high-pressure grouting tests. A total of 270 standard cylindrical samples were prepared, with multi-gradient curing times ranging from 7 to 90 days in water-rich temperature environments, enabling a systematic investigation of the time-dependent evolution of compressive strength and permeability characteristics of the grouted rock mass. The findings demonstrate that the improved three-dimensional test system can accurately simulate the grouting environment of 20 ℃ to 60 ℃surrounding rock. Furthermore, a multi-field coupling physical test platform was successfully constructed, integrating temperature, seepage, and stress fields. The mechanical properties of the grouted rock mass exhibited a pronounced temperature threshold response. Specifically, the compressive strength in a 50 ℃ water-rich environment displayed a three-stage evolution characterized by peak-attenuation-stability over curing time, aligning with the Gaussian distribution law. After 28 days of curing, the influence of the water temperature factor surpassed that of the water-cement ratio and grouting pressure. Additionally, a double-critical transition phenomenon was noted in the permeability characteristics. The permeability coefficient in the 50 ℃ water-rich environment adhered to a cubic polynomial trend, while in the 60 ℃ water-rich environment, the 28-day curing time served as a turning point, resulting in abnormal permeability changes in the later stages, transitioning from continuous reduction to linear growth. Under the 60 ℃ water-rich conditions, a significant negative correlation was observed between compressive strength and permeability, with the two trend curves exhibiting two cross-turns. This observation revealed the deterioration mechanism linked to thermal damage accumulation and micro-fracture network evolution in the grouted rock mass due to the synergistic effects of water-rich temperature, seepage, and time. By transcending the traditional limitation of a 28-day curing period, the derived evolution law regarding the performance of the grouted rock mass, based on the dynamic water-rich temperature-time threshold, provides a theoretical foundation for optimizing grouting times in deep-buried tunnels and ensuring the long-term stability of surrounding rock.
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2025, Vol. 44 
