基于微震监测与数值模拟的高应力软岩隧道围岩大变形特征分析

doi:10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2023.1104

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摘要高地应力软岩隧道围岩劣化、碎胀扩容效应显著，软岩大变形灾害是长大深埋隧道施工亟待解决的关键问题之一。为明确高应力环境下软岩隧道大变形灾变过程及致灾机制，在软岩隧道构建微震监测系统，分析不同支护强度下围岩的变形和破坏过程，结合收敛监测、数值模拟分析围岩裂纹演化及大变形特征，揭示高地应力强卸荷作用下软岩内部破裂及损伤区演化机制。研究结果表明：高地应力软岩隧道收敛与地质条件、支护条件密切相关，由于隧道围岩节理近乎竖向发育，强卸荷作用下隧道边墙位置处变形大于拱顶和底板；不同支护形式下隧道收敛与微震参数表现出不同特征，强支护形式下隧道收敛程度降低，同时微震日频次较少，累计视体积减小，微震事件能量与累计释放能量降低；数值模拟研究了隧道围岩变形和破坏特征，数值模拟结果与现场测试结果对比分析得出隧道围岩损伤区域为8 m左右。研究结果表明微震监测能够反映软岩隧道大变形破坏过程，同时可为隧道支护措施和时机提供科学依据。

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	李壮1
	徐奴文1
	孙志强2
	刘军2
	李彪3
	孙悦鹏1
	朱建林4

关键词 ：隧道工程, 软岩大变形, 微震监测, 数值模拟

Abstract：The deterioration，fragmentation and dilation effects in high-stress soft rock tunnel surrounding rock are significant，making large deformation disasters in soft rock，a critical issue in the construction of long and deep tunnels. To clarify the process and mechanism of large deformation disasters in soft rock tunnels under high-stress conditions，a microseismic monitoring system(MS) was established in a soft rock tunnel. The deformation and failure processes of the surrounding rock under different support strengths were analyzed. Combining convergence monitoring and numerical simulation，the study examined the evolution of cracks and large deformation characteristics of the surrounding rock，revealing the mechanisms of internal fracturing and damage zone evolution under high-stress and strong unloading conditions. The results show that tunnel convergence in high-stress soft rock is closely related to geological conditions and support conditions. Due to nearly vertical joint development in the surrounding rock，deformation at the sidewalls of the tunnel exceeds that at the crown and floor under strong unloading. Different support forms exhibit distinct characteristics in tunnel convergence and MS parameters. Strong support reduces tunnel convergence，decreases daily MS frequency，reduces cumulative apparent volume，and lowers MS event energy and cumulative released energy. Numerical simulation studied the deformation and failure characteristics of the surrounding rock，and a comparative analysis between numerical simulation results and field tests indicated that the damage zone of the tunnel surrounding rock is approximately 8 meters. The study demonstrates that MS monitoring can reflect the large deformation and failure process of soft rock tunnels，providing a scientific basis for the design of support measures and timing in tunnel construction.

Key words： tunnel engineering large deformation of soft rock microseismic monitoring numerical simulation

引用本文:

李壮1，徐奴文1，孙志强2，刘军2，李彪3，孙悦鹏1，朱建林4. 基于微震监测与数值模拟的高应力软岩隧道围岩大变形特征分析[J]. 岩石力学与工程学报, 2024, 43(11): 2725-2737.
LI Zhuang1，XU Nuwen1，SUN Zhiqiang2，LIU Jun2，LI Biao3，SUN Yuepeng1，ZHU Jianlin4. Analysis of large deformation characteristics of soft rock tunnel surrounding rock under high geo-stresses based on microseismic monitoring and #br# numerical simulation. , 2024, 43(11): 2725-2737.

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https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/10.13722/j.cnki.jrme.2023.1104 或 https://rockmech.whrsm.ac.cn/CN/Y2024/V43/I11/2725

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